Google Drive Keyboard shortcuts become much easier — and faster — when you know the right screen reader keyboard commands. In this TechVision tutorial, I walk you through how JAWS and NVDA users can move through folders, open files, switch views, and manage Drive content without ever touching a mouse.
These skills build confidence, speed, and independence for blind and low‑vision users, students learning digital literacy, and anyone who prefers keyboard‑based navigation. You’ll learn how to open menus, jump between items, select files, search your Drive, and access settings with predictable, repeatable commands.
Whether you’re organizing schoolwork, managing shared folders, or teaching students how to work in the cloud, these shortcuts make Google Drive more accessible and efficient for everyone.
TechVision: Empowering real‑life tech skills with clarity, accessibility, and confidence.
Drop a Pin with iPhone using Google Maps and Voice Over to share location with someone to come pick you up
Blind travelers build custom indoor and outdoor routes using Siri, Apple Maps, Google Maps, VoiceOver gestures, and the Compass app. These tools work together and create a reliable navigation system. Each step supports confidence and helps travelers move safely through any building or surrounding area.
Google Maps remains helpful outdoors. Apple Maps remains best for dropping labeled pins and using Siri for fast navigation.
Part 1 — Drop a Pin Using Siri and VoiceOver (Apple Maps)
Dropping labeled pins works best in Apple Maps, because Siri supports pin creation and VoiceOver announces label options clearly.
A. Drop a Pin at the Starting Location
Say, “Hey Siri, open Apple Maps.”
Wait until VoiceOver announces “Current Location.”
Flick right until you hear “Drop Pin.”
Perform a double-tap and hold to drop the pin.
Flick right to “Add Label.”
Double-tap.
Dictate a label such as “Main Room.”
Flick right to “Done.”
Double-tap to save.
B. Drop a Pin at the Next Location
Repeat the process at any hallway, office, bathroom, or exit.
Say, “Hey Siri, open Apple Maps.”
Flick to “Drop Pin.”
Double-tap and hold.
Flick to “Add Label.”
Double-tap.
Dictate “Bathroom.”
Flick to “Done.”
Double-tap.
Part 2 — Navigate Between Custom Pins (Apple Maps + Google Maps)
Siri provides indoor headings and distance even when indoor maps do not exist. Google Maps adds strong outdoor accuracy when needed.
A. Navigate to the Main Room (Apple Maps)
Say, “Siri, walking directions to Main Room.”
VoiceOver reads distance and direction.
B. Navigate to the Bathroom (Apple Maps)
Say, “Siri, walking directions to Bathroom.”
Follow hall cues and maintain alignment.
C. Use Google Maps When Outdoors
Say: “Hey Siri, open Google Maps.”
Use VoiceOver to choose Walking.
Follow turn-by-turn directions with outdoor accuracy.
Google Maps excels outdoors. Apple Maps excels for labeled pins indoors.
Part 3 — Teach Compass Skills for Indoor Orientation
A. Open Compass
Say, “Hey Siri, open Compass.”
VoiceOver reads the heading.
B. Teach Basic Directions
North equals 0 degrees.
East equals 90 degrees.
South equals 180 degrees.
West equals 270 degrees.
C. Practice Turning
Face forward.
Listen to the heading.
Turn left or right.
Listen as VoiceOver updates the heading.
D. Connect Compass to Pins
Say, “Siri, walking directions to Bathroom.”
Listen for cues like “Head west.”
Match the heading in Compass.
Walk in that direction.
Part 4 — Build Route Memory Using O&M Skills
A. Notice Landmarks
Teach the traveler to notice:
Floor textures
Temperature changes
Echo patterns
Doorframes
Rails
Open spaces
B. Teach Step Counting
Start at the first labeled pin.
Count steps to the next point.
Stop at each turn.
Record distances.
C. Teach Repetition
Practice with guidance.
Practice with shadowing.
Practice with verbal prompts.
D. Teach Reverse Routing
Walk the route backward using opposite turns.
Using Look around app on iPhone to “see” what is around the traveler
Part 5 — Use Look Around with Apple Maps
Look Around helps travelers understand the outside of a building.
A. When Look Around Works
On public streets
At building entrances
Around sidewalks and driveways
B. Open Look Around
Say, “Hey Siri, open Apple Maps.”
Search for the building.
Flick until VoiceOver says “Look Around available.”
Double-tap to open it.
C. What Look Around Teaches
Street layout
Sidewalk positions
Entrance locations
D. What Look Around Cannot Do
No hallways
No interior rooms
No indoor turn-by-turn directions
Create Custom Routes
Part 6 — A Complete Custom Route Routine
Use Look Around outside to understand the area.
Drop labeled pins at important indoor locations.
Use Siri for walking directions to any saved pin.
Use Compass to match the required heading.
Use Google Maps for outdoor paths when needed.
Build step counts and turns for each route.
Use landmarks for confirmation.
Practice until the traveler moves independently.
Share Location, Get Directions, Add to Favorites and more using Google Maps, Voice Over and Siri
Part 7 — Share Your Location Quickly for Pickup or Safety
Blind people often need to share their exact location so family, friends, or rides can find them. Siri and VoiceOver make this process fast and hands-free.
This skill works indoors and outdoors. It also works when someone feels unsafe, confused, or needs help immediately.
A. Share Your Location with Siri (Fastest Method)
Say: “Hey Siri, share my location with Mom.” (Replace “Mom” with any trusted contact.)
Siri sends your exact GPS location.
VoiceOver confirms: “Sent your current location.”
This method works even when you cannot identify where you are.
B. Share Your Location in Messages (Manual Method)
Say: “Hey Siri, open Messages.”
Touch the center of the screen.
Flick right until you hear the contact’s name.
Double-tap to open the conversation.
Flick right until you hear “Send My Current Location.”
Double-tap to send it.
VoiceOver confirms the message.
This method helps when someone prefers not to dictate aloud.
C. Share Your Location Permanently With a Trusted Contact
This helps a helper monitor travel when needed.
Say: “Hey Siri, open Messages.”
Open the trusted contact’s conversation.
Flick to “Details” or “Info.”
Double-tap.
Flick to “Share My Location.”
Double-tap.
Flick to “Share Indefinitely.”
Double-tap to activate.
The trusted person can now find your location anytime you share it.
D. When Lost
Stop walking.
Hold the phone in both hands.
Face a quiet direction.
Say: “Hey Siri, share my location with Mom,” or person.
Wait for VoiceOver to confirm.
Stay in place until person arrives.
E. Combine Location Sharing With Dropped Pins
You can do both:
Drop a pin at the pickup point.
Label it with VoiceOver.
Share their location with Siri so the pickup person receives the exact spot.
Use Compass to stay oriented until they arrive.
This gives the safest and most accurate pickup routine.
Access the table and links with screen reader with navigation commands
Accessing tables and links in Google Slides with a screen reader is straightforward though at times seems inaccessible. First, ensure screen reader support is enabled. To do this, press Ctrl + Alt + Z. This command activates screen reader support in Google Slides and for more google videos, open link.
Next, to access the table and links with screen reader with navigation commands, navigate to the table. Use the arrow keys to move through the slides. When you reach the desired slide, press Alt + / to open the search menu. Type “insert table” and press Enter. This action inserts a table into your slide, making use of Google Slides navigation commands.
Table in Google Docs
To navigate the table:
Use the arrow keys. Each cell is read aloud by the screen reader. To move to the next cell, press the Right Arrow key. To move to the previous cell, press the Left Arrow key. Similarly, use the Up and Down Arrow keys to navigate vertically.
Also, accessing links in the table and links with screen reader with navigation commands is also simple. Navigate to the slide containing the link. Press Tab to move through the interactive elements. When the screen reader announces the link, press Enter to activate it. Ensure you are familiar with Google Slides navigation commands to make this process easier.
For more efficient navigation, use the screen reader’s navigation commands. For example, press Ctrl + F to search for specific text. This command helps locate links or table elements quickly. Understanding Google Slides navigation commands can significantly enhance your experience.
Additionally, you can use headings to organize your slides. Press Ctrl + Alt + 1 to apply a heading. This action helps the screen reader identify sections, making navigation easier.
Using a screen reader with Google Slides enhances accessibility. Make sure you learn the new commands for Google. By following these steps, visually impaired users can efficiently access tables and links. This integration ensures an inclusive and productive experience. For more: Access Videos Here. Utilizing Google Slides navigation commands enhances accessibility and productivity.
Dr. Robinson explains how to navigate the new Google Drive update using a screen reader, focusing on commands that will be essential after the August 1st, 2024 update shortcuts. She begins by demonstrating basic navigation through Google Drive, emphasizing the importance of learning the updated keyboard shortcuts-use FireFox when you have Chrome and Edge Chromium issues with navigation. The point it, same commands but use a different browser when 1 or 2 decide not to work well. Then if you have done that and still issues exist, set up computer to work the best with screen readers.
To start, Dr. Robinson guides users through accessing the settings menu with “Control + Shift + S,” where updates and new keyboard shortcuts can be found. She highlights the automatic update that will apply the new shortcuts starting August 1st. After closing the settings menu with “Escape,” she demonstrates navigating Google Drive using the “Alt + G” command, followed by “N” to access the navigation region.
New Google Drive Update
Dr. Robinson continues by explaining first-letter navigation which presently only works in Firefox but as updates occur Chrome and Edge should start to work again also. List View is where users can jump to items by pressing the first letter of the item’s name. She shows how this method, combined with the updated shortcuts, makes navigation faster and more efficient. For example, to create a new document, she uses “Alt + C” followed by “T,” which quickly opens a new Google Doc and other google items.
She then discusses how to use the “Alt + A” command to open the context menu, allowing users to perform actions like downloading, sharing, or renaming files. The context menu provides additional options, accessible via hotkeys. Dr. Robinson points out the ease of using these commands once learned, making it simpler to manage files within Google Drive.
To demonstrate the process, she creates a new presentation with “Alt + C” followed by “P.” After navigating back to her list view with “Alt + G” followed by “I,” she explains how to use the context menu for specific actions. Dr. Robinson concludes by encouraging users to familiarize themselves with these new commands, ensuring a smooth transition.
Google Drive navigation is more intuitive and accessible for those using screen readers if you use the browser that works . Learn Google Slides navigation with complicated slides to improve navigation and echo also.
Emē, a student of Dr. Denise Robinson demonstrates how she studies Spanish vocabulary using Google Sheets with a screen reader. She starts by copying vocabulary words into Google Sheets, though typing them in directly is also an option. After setting up the sheet, she explains the importance of naming it to avoid losing any work. She uses Google Sheets similarly to how a sighted student would use flashcards. This method is an excellent example of Flashcard studying in sheets. Column A contains the English words, while Column B holds the Spanish translations.
Certainly! Here is the revised paragraph with “Emē”:
Emē introduces a “difficulty” column in Column C, where she rates how challenging each word is to remember. She assigns a value between one and five, depending on how well she recalls each word. This rating system allows her to sort the words based on difficulty later, making her study sessions more effective. This technique enhances the efficiency of flashcard studying in sheets methods.
To make the study process more efficient, Emē explains how to randomize the rows. This prevents her from memorizing the order of the words rather than learning the words themselves. She uses specific keyboard commands to select all rows and columns, then accesses the “randomize range” function through the search menu. Randomization is key for effective flashcard studying in sheets techniques.
After randomizing, Emē sorts the words by difficulty, placing the hardest words at the top for focused study. She even hides the easiest words, rated as ones, to avoid wasting time on words she already knows well. If she needs to retrieve the hidden words, she can easily unhide them using the “unhide rows” function. This is another way flashcard studying can be efficiently carried out in sheets.
Emē concludes by showing how she reviews and updates the difficulty ratings as she studies. This method allows her to keep track of her progress and focus on words that need the most attention. She highlights that this approach to flashcard studying in sheets with Google Sheets is both accessible and effective, making it a great tool for blind and visually impaired students.
Miss Taylin and Dr. Robinson addressed two common accessibility issues students face while navigating educational tools with JAWS. First, they resolved the issue of characters not being heard when typed, which prevents users from verifying their input. After adjusting the typing echo settings in JAWS, they enabled the device to read both characters and words aloud, providing better control and feedback during typing. Fixing Jaws typing echo significantly improved user experience. On the fly, you can also insert + 2 to change echo options.
The second issue involved difficulties navigating through web links in the classroom browser, with JAWS sometimes reporting “no form fields” or “no lists available.” The problem arises when both the virtual and PC cursors are not enabled. Dr. Robinson explained that the virtual cursor is essential for browsing web pages, while the PC cursor helps manage navigation within a page. Miss Taylin accessed the links list and navigated classroom content efficiently by using “Insert + Z” to enable the virtual cursor. She ensured the PC cursor was active with the command “Insert + ;” which improved her browsing experience. Fixing Jaws typing and echo settings along with other settings changes, enhances productivity.
Jaws settings and set default to permanently make changes to typing echo
Dr. Robinson emphasized the need to regularly check both cursor settings whenever JAWS encounters issues. This practice ensures smooth and uninterrupted navigation for users. Additionally, these steps empower students using screen readers to interact more effectively with digital learning platforms. These adjustments create an efficient workflow for students to complete assignments and navigate classroom tools seamlessly. Overall, addressing the issue of fixing Jaws typing echo and other settings ensure that students can fully participate in their learning environment with complete accessibility.
Campbell demonstrates slides today. She opens a new tab (Ctrl +T) in Google Chrome and types “drive.google.com.” She navigates to her Google Drive and selects the presentation. Campbell prefers using the “Recents” tab to find files quickly. Campbell opens the presentation after discussing different search methods. To make her work more efficient, she uses various Google Slides shortcut commands. PowerPoint offers numerous accessibility and design features that enhance usability, making presentations more inclusive and visually appealing. Dr Robinson emphasizes the importance of picture placement and alt text for accessibility. She reviews the slides, noting that the designs are good but the pictures need adjustment. She guides through the process of fixing picture placement in Google Slides.
Google Slides shortcut commands with picture adjusted properly
Teacher of the Blind and Visually Impaired Jordana gives an overview of how to navigate Google Classroom for a Conversational Spanish Level 1 course using JAWS. The instructor, Jordana demonstrates how to join the class, navigate the main page, and access class materials. She is native born from Ecuador so English is her second language.
Here are some useful keyboard commands for Google Classroom:
General Navigation
Tab: Move through links and text fields on the page.
Space Bar: Works like a mouse click.
Ctrl + C: Copy
Ctrl + X: Cut
Ctrl + V: Paste
Ctrl + Z: Undo
Ctrl + K: Add a link (Use Command instead of Ctrl on a Mac)
Google classroom and Spanish with Jaws
Specific to Google Classroom
Ctrl + F: Find specific text on the page.
Ctrl + Shift + N: Open a new incognito window (useful for testing student views).
Using keyboard commands in Google Slides allows for quick and efficient navigation, text formatting, and slide management without relying on a mouse. These shortcuts help streamline tasks like adjusting font styles, aligning text, creating lists, and organizing slides. Whether you’re working on a new presentation or editing an existing one, mastering these commands can significantly boost your productivity. This guide provides essential keyboard shortcuts to help you format text and manage slides more effectively in Google Slides.
Change slides into text quickly Alt + F or Alt + Shift+ F to file and do to download and all your options are right there, making Google Slides into text more versatile and faster to read.
Here’s a guide to using basic keyboard commands in Google Slides, focusing on formatting text and making presentations easier to navigate without a mouse. Embedding your text efficiently into Google Slides can enhance your workflow.
Google Slide Menu under FILE
1. Basic Navigation
Move between slides: Use Up or Down arrow keys to navigate between slides in the sidebar.
Open menus: Press Alt + Shift + F (Windows) or Ctrl + Option + F (Mac) to open the menu.
Select text box: Press Tab to cycle through objects on the slide, including text boxes. Navigating through Google Slides without a mouse allows you to focus more on your content.
2. Text Formatting
Bold text: Select text and press Ctrl + B.
Italicize text: Select text and press Ctrl + I.
Underline text: Select text and press Ctrl + U.
Change font: Press Ctrl + Shift + F to open the font menu. Use arrow keys to navigate and press Enter to select a font.
Change font size: Press Ctrl + Shift + P to change font size. Use arrow keys to adjust size and press Enter.
Align text:
Left: Ctrl + Shift + L
Center: Ctrl + Shift + E
Right: Ctrl + Shift + R
Justify: Ctrl + Shift + J
Bulleted list: Press Ctrl + Shift + 8 to create a bulleted list.
Numbered list: Press Ctrl + Shift + 7 to create a numbered list.
3. Slide Formatting
Duplicate slide: Press Ctrl + D.
Insert new slide: Press Ctrl + M.
Delete slide: Press Delete after selecting the slide. Managing slide formatting effectively in Google Slides can enhance how content flows into the text.
4. Slide Show Mode
Start presentation: Press Ctrl + F5 (Windows) or Cmd + Shift + Enter (Mac) to start from the current slide.
Exit presentation mode: Press Esc.
5. Text Box Management
Insert a text box: Press Ctrl + Alt + Shift + X to insert a new text box. Proper text box management helps integrate Google Slides seamlessly into text formatting tasks.
Select a text box: Use Tab to cycle between different text boxes and other objects.
6. Undo/Redo and Save
Undo: Press Ctrl + Z.
Redo: Press Ctrl + Y.
Save presentation: Google Slides automatically saves your work, but pressing Ctrl + S can also trigger a save.
Using these keyboard commands in Google Slides can make text formatting and navigation faster and more efficient, giving you greater control over your presentation without needing a mouse. Efficient management of Google Slides makes text editing a breeze.
Google Dictation, also known as “Voice Typing,” enables users to write and edit text using their voice instead of a keyboard. By using simple voice commands, you can dictate text, add punctuation, and format documents hands-free, making the process faster and more accessible. Additionally, with a few keyboard shortcuts, you can easily start or stop dictation and manage the flow of your work. For a more comprehensive experience, mastering Google Dictation using Speech can be a game changer. This guide outlines essential keyboard shortcuts and voice commands to help you navigate and edit documents more efficiently using Google Dictate.
Google Docs Dictation, also known as “Voice Typing,” allows users to dictate text using voice commands instead of typing. Here are the keyboard commands for using Google Dictate:
Google Dictation using Speech in Docs
1. Start Voice Typing
Windows & Chromebook: Press Ctrl + Shift + S. Also, under Tools Menu
Mac: Press Cmd + Shift + S. This command opens the Voice Typing tool in Google Docs.
2. Pause/Resume Dictation
Once Voice Typing is active, click the microphone icon to pause or resume dictation. There is no direct keyboard shortcut for pausing or resuming dictation, but you can toggle it by pressing Ctrl + Shift + S (or Cmd + Shift + S on Mac) again.
Google Slide Dictation mode
3. Voice Commands for Editing (While Dictating):
New line: Say “New line” to move to the next line.
New paragraph: Say “New paragraph” to start a new paragraph.
Select text: Say “Select [word/phrase]” to highlight specific text.
Delete text: Say “Delete” or “Backspace” to remove the selected text or go back one character.
Bold text: Say “Bold” to bold the selected text.
Italicize text: Say “Italicize” to italicize the selected text.
Underline text: Say “Underline” to underline the selected text.
Go to the end of the document: Say “Go to end of document” to move the cursor to the end.
Go to the beginning of the document: Say “Go to beginning of document” to move the cursor to the start.
4. Punctuation Commands
Period: Say “Period” to insert a period.
Comma: Say “Comma” to insert a comma.
Question mark: Say “Question mark” to add a question mark.
Exclamation mark: Say “Exclamation point” to add an exclamation mark.
Colon: Say “Colon” to add a colon.
Semicolon: Say “Semicolon” to insert a semicolon.
5. Editing Commands (While Typing or Dictating)
Undo: Say “Undo” to undo your last action.
Redo: Say “Redo” to redo the last undone action.
Copy: Say “Copy” to copy selected text.
Paste: Say “Paste” to paste the copied text.
These commands allow you to efficiently dictate and edit documents using Google Voice Typing, streamlining the process for those who prefer hands-free typing.
Turning images into text in Google Docs is a simple process that uses Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. This feature allows you to extract text from images, making it editable and searchable. Whether you have a photo of a document, a screenshot, or a PDF, Google Docs can quickly convert the image to text for further use. Changing inaccessible to accessible is an important step, and this post will show you how to upload an image, open it in Google Docs, and extract the text for easy editing.
To turn images into text in Google Docs, you can use a built-in feature that utilizes Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Here’s how you can do it:
1. Upload the Image to Google Drive
Open Google Drive.
Click New and select File Upload.
Upload the image containing the text (formats like JPG, PNG, and PDF work).
2. Open Image with Google Docs for Changing inaccessible to accessible
Once the image is uploaded, right-click the file in Google Drive.
Select Open with, then choose Google Docs.
Google Docs will open a new document with the image at the top and the recognized text below it.
3. Edit the Extracted Text
After Google Docs converts the image to text, review and edit the text as needed. OCR isn’t always perfect, so you may need to make corrections.
Another option from Gmail for Changing inaccessible content to accessible text
When you receive an attachment in Gmail (you cannot do this in Outlook or other email client), open it in the virtual viewer by pressing Enter on the attachment. It will automatically open in the virtual viewer. You can either tab to “Open with” or press Insert + F5, then down arrow to “Google Docs” and press Enter. Wait as Google Docs uses OCR to convert the image into text. Be patient during this process, as it may take a moment to complete.
By following these steps, you can easily extract text from images using Google Docs. This is especially useful for making printed documents or screenshots searchable and editable.
Google offers several tools to make inaccessible images of work accessible through translation and text extraction. Google Translate includes an image translation feature, where users can upload an image and the tool will detect and translate the text within it into another language. Additionally, Google Drive and Google Docs use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to convert images, like scanned PDFs, into editable text. This makes visual content, such as images with embedded text, accessible for screen readers, helping blind or low vision users engage with the content more easily. Using Google Docs as plain text can further streamline this process.
Here’s how to save a Google Doc as plain text using keyboard commands:
Open your document.
Press Alt + Shift + F to open the “File” menu. (Many times you can just use Alt+F)
Press Down Arrow to navigate to Download.
Press Right Arrow to expand the options, then press Down Arrow to select Plain Text (.txt).
Press Enter to download the document as a plain text file.
Open the .txt file, select with CTRL + A, Copy it with CTRL+C and paste into WORD with CTRL+ V
These steps will extract text then download the document with no formatting, leaving only the raw text. Then transfer it into WORD for easy reading
Google Doc as Plain Text Using Keyboard due to doc being side ways image
A Perfect Shot at the Wrong Target does not work-aim for the right target=success
Here is your post with the accurate Matt Emmons lesson worked in:
Matt Emmons was one of the best marksmen in the world.
At the 2004 Athens Olympics, he was positioned to win gold. All he needed was one final shot.
He aimed. And fired. He hit a bullseye.
But it was the wrong target.
The shot was perfect, but it did not count.
That mistake cost him the gold medal in that event, but it did not end his story. He kept competing and later won more Olympic medals.
That part matters too.
A perfect shot at the wrong target can cost you greatly, but it does not have to end your future.
That same lesson matters in access technology.
A blind student can become very skilled with a tool, but if that tool does not prepare them for college, employment, documents, math, email, file management, and real-world digital work with peers, they may be aiming at the wrong target.
A tablet or note-taker may support some tasks.
But the world runs on computers and it takes a good decade of instruction from a skilled access tech instructor to teach all the skills needed.
Students need PC skills, screen reader skills, keyboard commands, Word, Google tools, braille displays, file management, and real digital workflows just as their peers.
The goal is not just completing today’s assignment.
The goal is access to college, employment, independence, and a future with options.
A perfect shot only counts when it hits the right target and prepares the student for a stronger future.
At TechVision, blind and low vision students learn how to access education in real time using the same technology and workflow skills required in school, college, work, and life so they can keep pace with their peers independently and confidently.
When instruction begins as early as 3 years of age, students often develop the foundational technology, braille, and academic access skills necessary to progress alongside peers from the very beginning rather than spending years trying to catch up later. Even students who begin later often make remarkable gains and can frequently close significant skill gaps within 1–2 years through intensive real-time instruction and consistent access to technology instruction.
Our students do not simply learn isolated technology commands. They learn how to actively use assistive technology while completing real academic work alongside their peers.
Through live instruction, students develop:
screen reader proficiency using JAWS, NVDA, Narrator, and VoiceOver
braille display fluency using Focus Braille Displays
accessible math and science skills using Word Math Editor, Braille Math Editor, LaTex and Nemeth Code
Canvas, Google Classroom and Office 365 accessibility and all platforms
tactile graphics and STEM access skills
keyboarding and digital workflow independence
file management and organization skills
independent problem solving using real classroom materials
and so much more
Working closely within schools and families, Access Technology Instruction occurs both during live classroom participation and through dedicated 1-on-1 instructional sessions focused on building independence, long-term success, and the ability to independently complete daily assignments and plan workload responsibilities throughout the school week.
Our team includes both blind and sighted instructors with extensive experience using the same technology students are expected to master. This real-world expertise allows instruction to move beyond theory into practical daily application.
Accessibility is not about completing work later. Access is Inclusion.
TechVision continues teaching blind and low vision students around the world through remote instruction designed to build confidence, independence, and meaningful academic access.
Fix Digital Accessibility Before Title II Enforcement-No access to work
Schools and colleges face serious gaps in digital access. These gaps harm blind and deaf students the most, and they also affect every learner who needs clear, structured content. Title II now requires full WCAG 2.1 AA compliance. Schools must shift from crisis responses to real systems. The good news is that this work is fixable when they follow a clear plan.
1. Start With an Accessibility Audit: Blind and Deaf Students Face the Sharpest Access Gaps
Every school should begin with a full digital audit. This audit must involve experts who use screen readers and braille displays every day on the platforms used in education. Without these specialists, audits miss the barriers that blind students face. Any image-based video must include described content throughout. Schools can find strong examples and guidance at Described and Captioned Media Program (DCMP).
Schools should also check whether interactive elements, buttons, and menus work with keyboard-only navigation. Many blind students rely on keyboard access, and inaccessible controls often block them before the lesson even begins.
The audit should include websites, LMS content, Google Classroom, PDFs, worksheets, videos, vendor platforms, parent portals, and staff materials. Real blind access testers expose problems that automated tools never find. Audits reveal the true accessibility debt. Schools need this view before anything else.
Most deaf learners use ASL as their primary language. They often need an actual signer on digital content as well as written text. Captions alone rarely provide full access, because captions do not follow ASL structure. Find out full details from DCMP.org also.
Schools should start with embedded text on all visual content first. This step creates a basic access layer while teams prepare for ASL. Once content stabilizes, schools can add ASL signers during development.
Schools must include ASL interpretation on videos, lessons, and major digital materials. An ASL signer keeps the message clear, complete, and culturally accurate.
This work must also be audited by a deaf professional who signs. Without that review, digital content remains incomplete and inaccessible.
2. Fix PDFs and Scanned Worksheets First
Most access failures start with inaccessible PDFs-which are actually images of work. Schools can convert scanned worksheets to readable text, add proper heading structure, insert alt text, tag tables, and ensure text reflows on mobile. These steps give blind students access at the same time as their peers. For easy full access, Just put everything into Microsoft WORD and if you can move a mouse cursor through the content, it will be accessible to a screen reader. make sure you add proper headings throughout.
3. Enforce Accessible Google Docs, Slides, and Assignments
Teachers create inaccessible content daily by pasting images of work into what was accessible if typed out properly in google. Schools should require headings, proper contrast, real alt text, logical reading order, described images, and accessible math. This one shift removes thousands of barriers. Currently Math is only fully accessible in Microsoft WORD using the Math editor. Google does not have all the appropriate tools in place to recreate what OFFICE 365 has already done.
Typically, only images of words appear in products from Google, which makes the content completely inaccessible to blind students. Embedded videos also stay inaccessible for deaf learners, because images never give enough detail or language to explain the lesson. Math remains inaccessible across Google products, and blind students cannot access equations without proper structure.
4. Make All Video Content Accessible
Videos must serve blind and deaf students. Schools should ensure accurate captions, audio descriptions, clear narration, and safe visual design. This protects access and reduces legal risk.
5. Replace Inaccessible Vendor Platforms
Many learning apps and platforms still fail WCAG standards. Schools must request VPATs, require WCAG 2.1 AA, demand remediation timelines, and remove non-compliant tools. Title II holds the school responsible, not the vendor. When schools stop buying inaccessible products, vendors will change their design or leave the market.
6. Train Staff in Real Accessibility Skills
Accessibility training must move beyond awareness. Staff need training in screen reader testing, accessible document workflows, caption skills, alt text guidelines, accessible math support, and LMS accessibility checks. Blind and deaf students rely on technology, not sight or hearing. Staff must understand these tools, so they must receive direct instruction from experts who use these tools daily. These specialists can walk staff through the fine details needed to make content fully accessible quickly and easily (relative to what content they already have).
7. Provide Blind and Deaf Students With Real-Time Access
Access cannot arrive days later. Schools should deliver materials at the same time as sighted peers, provide braille or screen-reader-ready files, use CART or interpreters, and ensure accessible assessments. This reduces OCR complaints and supports equal learning.
8. Build an Accessibility Governance Team
Districts need structure to stay compliant. This team sets policy, provides training, monitors compliance, reviews content, approves vendors, and reports progress. Governance turns accessibility from a reaction into a system.
9. Bring in Specialists When Needed
Most schools lack internal expertise. They can partner with certified blindness professionals, deaf education specialists, accessibility technologists, braille experts, and WCAG consultants. Title II allows districts to use outside experts when staff lack training.
10. Address a Damaging Message Still Circulating in Schools
Many professors and teachers still hear, “Check your materials, but don’t worry about them.” This message shows how long schools have ignored accessibility laws. Title II removes the option to delay. Schools must fix inaccessible content, not simply acknowledge it.
11. The Word “Accommodation” Must Go
The word “accommodation” was not removed from Title II, but the new DOJ rule shifts the focus toward accessibility from the start, especially for digital content.
Schools must stop relying on the word accommodation. The term assumes students start with barriers and then wait for fixes. Blind and deaf students lose time every day when access comes after instruction. They fall behind because the content was inaccessible from the start.
Title II requires full access at the moment instruction begins. Students must receive materials in the same format, at the same time, as their peers. This shift removes delay, reduces frustration, and ends the cycle of constant catch-up. True access begins when schools design content correctly, not when they repair barriers later.
12. Make Accessibility Part of School Culture
Accessibility becomes sustainable when it becomes normal. Schools can add accessibility checks to grading policies, include accessibility in evaluations, require captions, post accessible templates, and adopt accessible curriculum materials. Small habits prevent massive remediation later.
13. Remove and Archive All Inaccessible Content by April 23
Schools must remove inaccessible digital content by April 23. They must secure this content so only the original creator can access it. If old materials stay public, anyone can use them to file an accessibility complaint. This creates immediate legal risk for the educational institutions.
Most schools will find it easier to build fully accessible content from the start. Rebuilding old, image-based, untagged, or uncaptioned materials often takes far more time than creating new accessible versions. Schools protect themselves and their students when they remove inaccessible work, archive it safely, and rebuild content using WCAG 2.1 AA standards now so they can be fully uploaded on April 24, 2026.
Closing Note: Access Protects Everyone
Blind and deaf students face the hardest barriers, yet accessible design lifts all learners. Clear content improves structure, readability, quality, and learning across every classroom. Schools that begin this work now protect their students, their staff, and their programs.
Dates to Follow
What this means for schools and colleges
Larger districts and colleges (≥ 50,000 population)
Deadline: April 24, 2026
Standard: WCAG 2.1 AA
Scope: Websites, web content, mobile apps, PDFs, forms, LMS content, videos, social media, and anything accessed through a browser
Smaller districts and colleges (<50,000 population): April 26, 2027
K–12 isn’t just panicking — they’re in a full‑scale scramble, and for reasons that are even more urgent than higher ed. The DOJ’s Title II rule hits K–12 systems right where they’re already stretched thin: staffing, training, legacy content, and compliance culture.
Here’s the landscape, laid out clearly and grounded in what districts are now realizing.
Why K–12 districts are suddenly alarmed about the Title II WCAG 2.1 rule
1. Districts assumed “accommodations” were enough — now they’re not
For decades, K–12 has relied on:
TVIs to “fix” inaccessible content
Disability services to retrofit materials
Parents to advocate
Students to “make do”
The new rule requires proactive accessibility, not reactive fixes. That’s a seismic shift.
2. K–12 has enormous accessibility debt — bigger than higher ed in some ways
Districts are realizing they must remediate:
Thousands of PDFs
Teacher‑made worksheets
Google Classroom content
LMS modules
Vendor platforms
Parent portals
IEP systems
School websites
Mobile apps
Most of this content was never designed with WCAG in mind.
3. Teachers generate inaccessible content every single day
This is the part that’s scaring administrators.
Every day teachers create:
Google Docs
Slides
Worksheets
Videos
Scanned PDFs
Classroom posts
Almost none of it meets WCAG 2.1 AA. And now it legally must.
4. Districts don’t have accessibility governance
Most K–12 systems lack:
A digital accessibility policy
A compliance officer
A remediation workflow
A content review process
Training for staff
A way to monitor thousands of pages
They’re realizing they need infrastructure, not just training.
5. Vendors are a huge liability
Districts rely on:
Curriculum platforms
Assessment systems
Parent communication apps
Scheduling tools
Payment portals
Transportation apps
Many of these tools are not WCAG 2.1 AA compliant, and the DOJ rule makes the district responsible for the accessibility of third‑party tools.
This is causing real panic.
6. The deadlines are tight for K–12 too
Large districts (50,000+ population) must comply by April 2026. Smaller districts by April 2027.
Given the volume of content and the lack of staff, these timelines feel impossible to many administrators.
7. OCR complaints are already rising
Families are becoming more aware of their rights. Advocacy groups are watching. Blind/low‑vision access issues are among the most common complaints.
Districts know enforcement is coming.
What this means for an accessible world
This rule gives you extraordinary leverage because it legally validates everything people have been advocating for so long:
Real‑time access
Non-visual design
Proper alt text
Accessible math (Nemeth, tactile, digital)
Keyboard‑only navigation
Accessible PDFs
Structured documents
Captioned and described media
Accessible learning platforms
Districts can no longer say: “Just give the student an accommodation.” or “We’ll fix it when needed.”
As Our team teaches blind low vision, this article is directed toward that population but this is true for ALL populations of children.
For decades, blind and low‑vision students have been expected to “make do” with inaccessible schoolwork, delayed accommodations, and digital tools that were never designed for them. Parents have fought and Teachers of the visually impaired have patched and remediated-transcribed work until late in the evenings. Students have worked twice as hard for half the access.
But now, everything is changing.
In April 2024, the U.S. Department of Justice issued a landmark update to Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act, requiring all state and local governments — including every public school district in the country — to make their websites, digital learning platforms, documents, and mobile apps accessible by following WCAG 2.1 Level AA.
This is not guidance or a suggestion. This is federal law.
And for the first time, our children have a clear, enforceable right to full, equal, real‑time access to their education.
Why this rule matters so much for blind and low‑vision students
Blind and low‑vision students have always been the most impacted by inaccessible digital content. When a worksheet is posted as an image, when a math assignment is scanned sideways, when a teacher uploads a PDF with no tags, when a learning platform isn’t keyboard accessible — that student is locked out.
The new rule changes that.
WCAG 2.1 AA requires schools to ensure:
All images have alt text
All documents are structured for screen readers
All videos have captions and audio description
All platforms work with keyboard navigation
All math and STEM content is accessible
All mobile apps are operable for non-visual users
All content is perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust
This is the first time the federal government has said, in clear language: “Your digital content must be accessible from the start.”
No more waiting or retrofitting. No more “we’ll fix it later” or “we didn’t know.”
Why schools are scrambling or should be scrambling— and why that’s good news
K–12 districts are suddenly realizing that:
Teachers create inaccessible content every day
Thousands of PDFs and worksheets must be remediated
Google Classroom, Schoology, Canvas, and other platforms must meet WCAG
Vendor tools must be accessible — and the district is responsible if they’re not
They need training, workflows, and accountability
They must comply by 2026 or 2027, depending on district size
This is overwhelming for them — but it’s also the first time blind and low‑vision students have the law fully on their side… as do all students!
So if you hear panic you’re it is not a bad thing. It’s the sound of a system finally being required to do what it should have done all along.
What this means for your child
It means your child has the right to:
Access their schoolwork at the same time as their peers
Use screen readers, magnification, braille displays, and other tools without barriers
Receive accessible math, science, and STEM content
Navigate school websites and portals independently
Access digital textbooks and curriculum materials
Participate fully in online learning
Receive materials in formats that work for them — every time
This is not optional. Or “if the teacher has time.” This is not “if the district can figure it out.”
This is their legal right.
What this means for teachers
Teachers are not expected to become accessibility experts overnight. But they are expected to learn the basics of accessible digital design — and districts are required to train them.
This rule gives teachers clarity, structure, and support. It gives them a roadmap. It gives them permission to slow down and do things right.
And it gives them the tools to reach every learner, not just those who can see the screen.
What this means for TVIs and accessibility professionals
For years, TVIs have been forced into the role of “fixer” — remediating inaccessible content after the fact, often late at night, often under pressure, often without the authority to change the system.
This rule changes your role.
You are no longer the emergency repair technician. You are now the accessibility leader your district must rely on.
Your expertise is finally recognized as essential, not optional.
Why this is a moment of hope
For the first time in U.S. history, blind and low‑vision (and all) students have a federal rule that:
Names the standard
Sets the deadlines
Defines the expectations
Holds districts accountable
Protects students’ right to equal access
This is the beginning of a new era — one where our children can learn, participate, and thrive without barriers.
And for families who have spent years advocating, fighting, and explaining the same issues over and over, this rule is a long‑awaited validation:
Your child deserves full access. All children deserve independence. Your child deserves equal opportunity. And now, the law finally backs you up.
The iPhone is the most powerful accessibility tool available to blind and low‑vision students today. With the right skills, it becomes a map, a magnifier, a reader, a communication device, a travel tool, and a pathway to independence.
This guide gives students, parents, teachers, and O&M instructors everything needed to build real-world iPhone skills from basic Siri commands and VoiceOver gestures to advanced navigation and daily-living tools. Use it as a curriculum, a quick reference, or a step-by-step learning path.
A TechVision Core Resource
The iPhone gives blind and low-vision students real independence. With the right skills, it becomes a map, a reader, a magnifier, a travel tool, and a partner for daily life. This guide helps students, parents, and teachers build strong iPhone skills one clear step at a time.
Lessons- follow these steps
1. Getting Started
The guide begins with simple setup steps that build confidence fast.
Accessibility Shortcut–You can press home button at any time and just say: “Siri open Accessibility” or wherever you need to go for what you need to do
Where to find it: Settings → Accessibility → Accessibility Shortcut Students turn features on and off with a quick triple-click.
Key tasks:
Set VoiceOver, Zoom, or Magnifier
Set up Siri for hands-free support
Add emergency contacts
Customize Control Center
Organize the Home Screen
Core Access Features
VoiceOver
Zoom
Magnifier
Display and text adjustments
First Skills to Teach
Turn VoiceOver on or off
Learn basic gestures
Use Siri for fast tasks
Adjust speech rate
Open and close apps
2. VoiceOver Skills
Students grow from simple gestures to full digital literacy.
Beginner
Where to find it: Settings → Accessibility → VoiceOver
Explore the screen
Activate items
Use basic Rotor options
Start typing with VoiceOver
Intermediate
Edit text
Use the App Switcher
Navigate long pages
Move by headings or links
Use dictation
Advanced
Where to find it: Settings → Accessibility → VoiceOver → Activities / Braille / Rotor Actions
Customize the Rotor
Use Activity profiles
Use Braille Screen Input
Work in complex apps
3. Navigation & O&M with iPhone
Orientation Tools
Look Around-outside navigation
Compass
Landmarks
Spatial audio
Seeing AI
Clew-inside navigation Where to find them: Maps and Compass apps
Dropping Pins
Drop a pin with VoiceOver: Maps → Current Location → Rotor → Drop Pin
Drop a pin with Siri: “Drop a pin.”
Label and save locations
Add Favorites
Create walking routes
Real-World Travel Skills
Walking directions
Bus stop navigation
Checking surroundings
Soundscape-style apps
Safe campus routines
Safety Tools
Where to find them: Settings → Emergency SOS, Find My, Messages
Emergency SOS
Location sharing
Device tracking
Safe communication practices
4. Apps for Daily Living
Vision Support Apps
Where to find them: App Store
Seeing AI
Be My Eyes
Envision
Magnifier
Productivity Tools
Reminders
Calendar
Notes
Shortcuts
Timer and alarms
School & Work
Files
Email
Safari
Reading apps
Document scanning
5. Low Vision Tools & Strategies
Visual Settings
Where to find them: Settings → Accessibility → Display & Text Size
Contrast
Bold text
Reduce transparency
Color filters
Invert colors
Magnification Tools
Where to find them: Settings → Accessibility → Zoom Control Center → Magnifier
Zoom
Magnifier
Camera zoom
Flashlight for clarity
Reduce Fatigue
When to switch from Zoom to VoiceOver
When audio improves endurance
How stands and holders help
6. Parent Guide
Parents help skills grow through simple routines.
Focus areas:
What to teach at each age
How to practice safely
How to reduce frustration
When to add new apps
How to build daily habits
Where to find key tools: Settings → Screen Time, Settings → Emergency SOS
7. Teacher Guide
Teachers integrate iPhone skills into daily instruction.
Teach VoiceOver
Skill progression
Gesture modeling
Rotor instruction
Text-editing practice
Then Navigation
Classroom → hallway → campus
Pinning school locations
Safe movement routines
Teach Organization
Where to find it: Press and hold any app → Edit Home Screen
Folder creation
Notifications
Calendar and reminders
Assessment
Define mastery
Measure progress
Write goals and objectives
8. Learning Paths
Beginner Path
Activate Accessibility Shortcut
Learn basic gestures
Practice the Rotor
Use Siri for quick tasks
Drop a first pin
Intermediate Path
Edit text
Navigate long pages
Use Maps
Use Seeing AI
Organize the Home Screen
Advanced Path
Braille Screen Input
Custom Rotor
Advanced Maps skills
Shortcuts automation
Real-world travel practice
9. Lesson Index
This section lists all iPhone lessons. Each item includes:
A clear title
A short description
A consistent layout
This turns the page into a complete curriculum hub.
Set Up iPhone Security with VoiceOver using Face ID
Goal
Student independently sets up device security and understands how to authenticate downloads. This lesson will help you Set Up iPhone Security with VoiceOver for a more accessible and safe experience.
PART 1: Set Up a Passcode (Must Be Done First before you can acquire apps)
Face ID and Touch ID require a passcode.
Step 1: Open Settings
Press and hold Side button.
Say:
“Open Settings.”
Step 2: Go to Face ID & Passcode
(Or Touch ID & Passcode on older phones)
• Flick right until you hear: “Face ID & Passcode” • Double-tap.
If it says “Turn Passcode On,” double-tap.
Step 3: Create a Passcode
You will hear:
“Enter a six-digit passcode.”
• Double-tap each number OR • Use braille display if connected
Enter code twice.
Choose a code the student can remember but others cannot guess.
Teach: Do not use birthdays.
Passcode is now active.
PART 2: Set Up Face ID (Newer Phones)
Step 1: In Face ID & Passcode Menu
• Flick right to “Set Up Face ID” • Double-tap.
VoiceOver will guide.
Step 2: Position Face
If by yourself, place phone on your forehead then move straight back
iPhone-Setting Up Email Using Siri & Voice Over-sending a text
Phase 1-Setup Email
Goal
Student independently adds an email account and verifies it works. This guide covers iPhone-Setting Up Email Using Siri & VoiceOver to simplify the process for users who need accessibility support.
Step 1: Open Settings with Siri
Press and hold the Side button. Or Say “Hey Siri” if set up
Say:
“Open Settings.”
VoiceOver will say “Settings.”
Double-tap if needed.
Step 2: Navigate to Mail
• Flick right until you hear “Mail” • Double-tap
Inside Mail:
• Flick right to “Accounts” • Double-tap
Step 3: Add Account
• Flick right to “Add Account” • Double-tap
Choose account type:
iCloud
Google
Outlook
Yahoo
Other
Flick to correct provider. Double-tap.
Step 4: Enter Email Information
You will land in a text field.
To type:
• Double-tap in field • Dictate email address OR • Type using keyboard
Move to next field:
• Flick right
Enter password carefully. VoiceOver will say “Secure text field.”
After entering:
• Flick right to “Next” • Double-tap
Step 5: Verify Mail is Turned On
After account connects:
Make sure “Mail” toggle is ON.
Flick to it. Double-tap if needed.
Then flick right to “Save.” Double-tap.
Email is now active.
Phase 2 – Open and Use Mail
Now the student can begin using Mail.
Activate Siri:
“Open Mail.”
Proceed with:
• Flick right to inbox • Double-tap to open messages • Reply and send
Important Teaching Notes
Teach these concepts early:
✔ Every text field requires a double-tap before typing ✔ Listen fully before moving ✔ Flick slowly and intentionally ✔ Passwords must be entered accurately
If login fails:
• Recheck password • Ensure Wi-Fi is connected • Use Siri to say “Turn Wi-Fi on” if needed
Skill Check
Student should be able to:
Open Settings with Siri
Add an email account
Open Mail
Read one message
Send one reply
You are building digital independence.
Phase 3
Setting Up and Using Email with Siri & VoiceOver
Goal:
Student can open Mail, read messages, and send a simple email independently.
Step 1: Open the Mail App
Activate Siri: Hold the Side button or say:
“Hey Siri, open Mail.”
VoiceOver will announce: “Mail.”
Double-tap if needed.
Step 2: Navigate Inbox
• Flick right to move through emails • VoiceOver reads sender and subject • Double-tap to open
Teach: Listen fully before moving.
Step 3: Read Email
• Flick right to move line by line • Use rotor to change reading level
What they are: Lightweight smart glasses with a small display above the right eye. Originally released for consumers, now mostly used in enterprise and medical settings.
What they are: A family of AR smart glasses built for industrial, medical, and field environments. Models vary in shape and display size.
Key features:
Larger, brighter AR displays
Camera options up to 4K
Rugged designs for work environments
Voice, touch, and head-tracking controls
Works with Android-based apps
Aira and Smart Glasses for Blind Navigation: Modern Tools for Safe, Independent Travel
Whether you’ve been blind for years or you’re just beginning to lose vision, today’s tools offer more options than ever for navigating the world with confidence. Smart glasses and services like Aira give you access to real‑time visual information—indoors, outdoors, at work, on campus, or in everyday life. For some, it’s an exciting next step in expanding independence. For others, it’s a gentle bridge toward accepting support without feeling like they’re giving up who they are. Wherever you are on that journey, these tools can help you move safely, work more efficiently, and stay connected to the world around you.
If you want, I can also craft a shorter version for a carousel cover slide or a more emotional version that speaks directly to the reader.
Helping a Young Adult Losing Vision: When They’re Not Ready for the Cane… Yet
Losing vision as a young adult is complicated. It’s not just about mobility—it’s about identity, pride, and the fear of being seen as “blind” before they’re ready to claim that word for themselves.
Many young adults tell us:
“I don’t want people staring at me.”
“I’m not blind enough for a cane.”
“I can still get by if I try harder.”
“I don’t want to look different.”
These feelings are real. They deserve respect, not pressure.
But they also deserve safety, dignity, and access to the world.
That’s where Aira can become a bridge—not a replacement for cane skills, not a long‑term solution, but a gentle first step toward accepting support.
Why Aira Works for Someone Who Isn’t Ready for the Cane
Aira gives visual information without announcing disability to the world.
For a young adult who is still grieving vision loss, this matters.
Aira lets them:
Move through a college campus without guessing at signs
Navigate stores, offices, or new environments without pretending
Read menus, labels, and screens without asking friends
Travel safely in unfamiliar places
Do their job or schoolwork without feeling exposed
It’s discreet. Very private. It’s on their terms.
And most importantly—it gives them a taste of what independence with support feels like.
That experience often becomes the turning point.
The Emotional Shift: From “I Don’t Want to Look Blind” to “I Deserve to Move Safely”
When a young adult uses Aira, something powerful happens:
They realize they don’t have to choose between:
Looking blind and
Being unsafe
Aira shows them that support doesn’t take away independence—it protects it.
Once they feel the relief of not guessing, not hiding, not pretending… they often become more open to the cane.
Not because someone forced them. But because they finally understand:
Independence isn’t about doing everything alone. It’s about having the right tools at the right time.
Real Examples: A Young Adult Losing Vision Who Wants a Career in Film, Photography, or Other Visual Fields
Let’s say this young adult has 20/200–20/400 vision or worse and dreams of photography, cinematography, or other highly visual careers that require sharp editing and image capture.
They’re talented. They are creative. They’re determined.
But they’re also scared of being seen as “blind.”
Aira can help them:
Frame shots
Check lighting
Review images
Navigate sets
Identify equipment
Move safely in unfamiliar locations
They get to keep their identity as a creator and keep their dignity. They get to keep their dreams alive.
And slowly, gently, they begin to understand:
Blindness doesn’t take away creativity. It just changes the tools.
How We Bring Them Along—Without Shame, Pressure, or Fear
Here’s the message we give young adults:
“You don’t have to be ready for the cane today. But you do deserve to move safely today. Aira can help you do that while you figure out the rest.”
We meet them where they are and honor their feelings. We give them a tool that supports them privately. And we let confidence do the rest.
Because once they feel what safe, supported independence is like… the cane stops looking like a symbol of blindness and starts looking like a symbol of freedom.
Real Example for all users with Airport Navigation and Traveling Using Aira
Airports can be some of the most challenging environments for blind and low‑vision travelers—constant construction, changing layouts, crowded terminals, and signage that’s almost entirely visual. Aira gives travelers real‑time visual support from the moment they step out of the rideshare to the moment they reach their gate. And when paired with Aira’s own smart glasses—designed to look just like the everyday eyewear everyone else is wearing—travelers get discreet, hands‑free access to visual information without standing out or feeling different.
In fact, the only way anyone would know a traveler is blind is if they’re using a cane. You can even call an Aira Agent while the plane is still on the runway so you’re fully set up to step off the aircraft and head confidently to your next gate with live guidance. Agents can help locate check‑in counters, identify the correct security line, read flight boards, navigate terminals, find restrooms or restaurants, and guide travelers through gate changes or last‑minute updates. Whether you’re a seasoned blind traveler or someone newly adjusting to vision loss, Aira adds a layer of confidence and clarity that makes airport travel smoother, safer, and far less stressful.
Blind Travelers Drop a Pin and Save Routes Using Siri, VoiceOver, Apple Maps, and Compass
Person uses iPhone navigation tools to walk safely and independently.
Navigate: Drop a Pin and save routes: Images show compass on 1 side and on Google Maps route on the other
Students and adults need reliable ways to travel from a drop-off or pick-up point to their destination. This skill matters at home, school, work, and in the community. This resource, called Navigate: Drop a Pin and Save Routes, teaches travelers how to drop a pin, save routes, and use Siri, VoiceOver, Apple Maps, Google Maps, and the Compass app to move with confidence. It was created for students, yet anyone building independent travel skills will find it helpful.
A. Dropping a Pin at Home
1. Open Maps Say: “Hey Siri, open Apple Maps.”
2. Drop your home pin Outside
VoiceOver says “Current Location.”
Flick right to “Drop Pin.”
Double-tap.
Flick to “Add Label.”
Double-tap.
Say: “Home.”
Activate “Done.”
Now Siri always knows your home.
B. Dropping a Pin at School
Person does this at the front door or the main entrance of school outside.
1. Open Maps Say: “Hey Siri, open Apple Maps.”
2. Drop your school pin
Flick to “Drop Pin.”
Double-tap.
Flick to “Add Label.”
Say: “School.”
Activate “Done.”
C. Dropping a Pin at Your Pick-Up Van Location
Do this standing exactly where you wait each day outside
1. Say: “Hey Siri, open Apple Maps.”
2. Drop the pin
Flick to “Drop Pin.”
Double-tap.
3. Label it
Flick to “Add Label.”
Say: “Pick-Up Van.”
Activate “Done.”
Now you can find your pickup vehicle every day.
D. Navigating to Saved Pins
Go from Home to School
Say: “Siri, give me walking directions to School.”
Go from School to Pick-Up Van
Say: “Siri, give me walking directions to Pick-Up Van.”
Go from Pick-Up Van to School Door
Say: “Siri, walking directions to School.”
Go from School to Home
Say: “Siri, give me walking directions to Home.”
Siri will speak the direction and distance. Person follows the heading using Compass and hallway cues.
E. Using the Compass
1. Open Compass Say: “Hey Siri, open Compass.”
2. Listen to headings VoiceOver speaks numbers.
3. Basics North = 0 East = 90 South = 180 West = 270
4. Staying straight When Siri says “Head west,” Person turns until Compass says “270.”
Compass keeps her on track indoors and outside.
F. Using Look Around
Look Around works outside the building. It helps Person understand the campus layout.
1. Open Look Around Say: “Open Apple Maps.” Search for “Colonial Heights Middle School.” Flick to Look Around. Double-tap.
VoiceOver describes:
Doors
Parking
Roads
Campus layout
This helps her know where she is before entering the school.
G. Daily Routine for Person
Morning
Say: “Siri, directions to School.”
Use Compass to hold the heading.
Follow the route to the door.
Afternoon
Say: “Siri, directions to Pick-Up Van.” or Bus or spot you need to get to
Follow hall cues and Compass.
Arrive at the van spot.
Evening
When dropped off- Say: “Siri, directions to Home.”
Walk with confidence.
H. Notes for Parents and Instructors
Siri uses the pins Person labels.
Pins stay saved unless she deletes them.
She can use them every day with one command.
She should practice the routes with support first.
Please encourage her to use Siri daily for consistency.
Blind Travelers Drop a Pin and Save Routes Using Siri, VoiceOver, Apple Maps, and Compass
Can’t Log in, forgot password: Computer showing errors
Forgotten Passwords & Login Problems
When you can’t log in — whether you forgot your password, never received the code, or your computer refuses to move past the first screen — everything stops. The frustration hits instantly, and it happens to everyone. The good news is that most login problems have simple, safe fixes. This guide walks you through the most effective steps to get back into your accounts, clean up the issues that cause login failures, and set up your devices so you don’t get locked out again — or at least know exactly what to do when a computer update suddenly changes your options. Keep that in mind: the problem may not be you. Sometimes an update quietly shifts the settings behind the scenes, and you just need to adjust to the new way your computer handles logins.
Forgotten Passwords & Login Problems: A Clear, Safe Guide to Getting Back In
People search for this more than almost any other tech issue. You are in Good company. Here’s a simple, accessible guide to help you get back into your accounts — and prevent future lockouts.
Start Easy: Hard Refresh the Page (Ctrl + Shift + R) on a PC and Command + Shift+ R on a Mac
1️.Locked Out of an Account? Start Here
Common symptoms
Password suddenly not working
Reset link not arriving
Multi‑factor authentication (MFA) asking for a code you can’t access
Endless login loops
These problems usually come from:
Browser cache issues
Old passwords stored in auto-fill
Conflicting authentication methods
Out‑of‑date recovery information
2️. Clear Your Browser Cache (This Fixes 50% of Login Problems)
Chrome
Press Ctrl + Shift + Delete
Choose Cached images and files
Click Clear data
Edge
Press Ctrl + Shift + Delete
Select Cached images and files
Click Clear now
Firefox
Press Ctrl + Shift + Delete
Select Cache
Click Clear
This removes corrupted login data and forces the site to load fresh.
Also Check Your Saved Passwords (Old Ones Cause Login Failures Too-delete them!)
After you clear your cache, take one more quick step: open your browser’s saved passwords and delete the outdated ones. Old passwords often override the new ones you type, which creates endless login loops.
Chrome
Press Alt + E to open the menu
Press S to jump to Settings
Select Auto-fill and Passwords
Open Google Password Manager
Search for the site you’re trying to log into
Delete any old or duplicate passwords
Edge
Press Alt + F to open the menu
Press S for Settings
Select Profiles
Choose Passwords
Search for the website
Delete outdated or incorrect entries
Firefox
Select Settings
Choose Privacy & Security
Scroll to Logins and Passwords
Open Saved Logins
Remove old or incorrect passwords
Why this matters
Browsers love to “help” by auto-filling passwords — even when they’re wrong. When you delete the old ones:
Your new password works correctly
The login screen stops looping
The reset process finally sticks
You avoid the “I know I typed it right!” frustration
3️. When You Set Up a Password — ALWAYS Connect It to Your Phone
This is the single most important step for preventing lockouts.
Set up the same password manager on your computer to pair with phone
Why?
Your phone becomes your identity key. If you forget your password, the system can verify you instantly.
You can also quickly go into your password manager and look up the password you need for any site on your computer.
Set Up the Same Password Manager on Your Phone and Computer
Using the same password manager on both devices keeps everything synced. When you update a password on your phone, it instantly updates on your computer — and that prevents almost every future lockout. And remember, you don’t have to use the password manager every time you log in. As you create accounts, save your usernames and passwords in your browser so you can keep logging in the same easy way you always have. The password manager simply becomes your reliable backup when something goes wrong.
Below are simple, universal steps that work for any major password manager (Microsoft Authenticator, Bitwarden, 1Password, etc.).
Step 1: Install the Password Manager on Your Phone
Open the App Store (iPhone) or Google Play Store (Android).
Search for your chosen password manager.
Tap Install.
Open the app and sign in or create an account.
Turn on sync if the app asks (most do automatically).
Your phone now becomes your secure “master key.”
Step 2: Install the Same Password Manager on Your Computer
Open your browser
Go to the password manager’s official website.
Download the desktop app or browser extension.
Sign in with the same account you used on your phone.
This pairs your computer and phone instantly.
Step 3: Turn On Sync Between Device
Most password managers sync automatically, but here’s how to confirm:
Open the password manager on your phone.
Go to Settings.
Look for Sync, Cloud Sync, or Account Sync.
Make sure it’s turned ON.
Now every password you save on one device appears on the other.
Step 4: Import or Save Your Password
You can now:
Save new passwords directly into the manager
Import passwords from your browser
Update old passwords and let the manager store them–This ensures you never rely on outdated browser auto-fill again.
Step 5: Choose How you want to Log in: Password Manager or From Browser
Option A: Keep using your browser’s saved passwords
This is the fastest way to log in day‑to‑day. Your browser auto-fills your username and password, and you move on with your work.
Option B: Use the password manager when needed
If something breaks —
a password doesn’t work
a browser update wipes your autofill
a site forces a reset — you can open your password manager and instantly look up the correct username and password.
This is the key detail: Your password manager acts as your backup vault, so you never lose access even if your browser forgets or changes something.
Why This Matters
When your phone and computer share the same password manager:
You always have the correct password stored somewhere safe
You can keep using your browser for fast logins
You avoid lockouts caused by old autofill entries
You stay in control even when updates change things
It’s the perfect balance of speed and security.
4️.Choose ONE Authentication Method (Not All of Them)
Using multiple authenticators confuses systems and causes login loops.
Here are the three main types, with simple visuals you can describe to your audience:
🔵 Option 1: Text Message (SMS)
Visual: A phone with a speech bubble containing a 6‑digit code. Best for: Beginners Pros: Easy, no app needed Cons: Not as secure as app‑based codes
🟢 Option 2: Authenticator App (Microsoft Authenticator, Google Authenticator, Duo)
Visual: A shield icon with a rotating 6‑digit code. Best for: Most users Pros: Fast, secure, works offline Cons: Must be installed on your phone
🟣 Option 3: Email Verification
Visual: An envelope with a key inside. Best for: People who check email constantly Pros: Simple Cons: Slow, sometimes goes to spam
5️. Windows Login Problems: Safe Steps You Can Do
Sometimes Windows won’t let you log in because of:
A stuck update
A corrupted profile
A password mismatch
A login option that’s blocking access (PIN, fingerprint, picture password)
Use SHIFT + RESTART to Access Windows Recovery Options
This is the only safe, built‑in way to reach troubleshooting tools.
Steps
On the login screen, click the Power icon (bottom right).
Hold SHIFT on your keyboard.
While holding SHIFT, click Restart.
Windows will open the Advanced Startup Menu.
From here, you can safely access:
✔ Startup Repair
Fixes boot issues.
✔ Safe Mode
Lets you log in with minimal drivers.
✔ Command Prompt
For advanced repairs (not needed for most users).
✔ Reset Password (Microsoft Account)
If you use a Microsoft account, you can reset it from here.
6️. Prevent Future Lockouts: Use a Password Manager on Your Phone
This is the long‑term solution that saves people from ever being locked out again.
Recommended password managers:
Microsoft Authenticator (has password storage built in)
Bitwarden (free, secure, cross‑platform)
1Password (paid, excellent for families)
Google Password App
LastPass (popular, but had past breaches — use with caution)
Why store passwords on your phone?
Your phone is always with you
You can look up usernames and passwords instantly
Syncs with your computer
Works even if your computer won’t turn on
You’re not alone — login problems happen to everyone. With these steps in place, you’ll stay in control and avoid the frustration of being locked out again.
What Screen Readers Can’t See: A Wake-Up Call for Educators
Many teachers rely on tools like Snip & Clip or download entire packets of image-based worksheets. But it’s important to understand that most resources on popular teacher websites—especially those behind paywalls—are completely inaccessible to blind and low vision students. These materials are often just images or scanned PDFs. Consequently, screen readers can’t read this type of content at all.
This video demonstrates how these inaccessible formats appear to a screen reader user. It shows how nothing reads, nothing speaks, and the content remains out of reach.
It also shows how older students who have been taught tech skills for years, transcribers or teachers, can quickly make the material accessible. This is especially helpful for a screen reader user who is not yet able to do it independently.
Google slide image of work-all inaccessible to a screen reader user
Commands to know: Use EDGE and its built in AI with -CTRL+Shift+period, so the AI can see the pages you are on. (Do not do banking of any kind without using a private window and a non-AI browser.)
Watch the video to get all the steps down. It can change your life to the inaccessible world. Alternatively, transcribers and teachers can do it for you until you learn the skills well yourself.
Other School Platforms that are inaccessible can be resolved with this solution also now
Speed up your computer and fix slow-loading programs with a few adjustments and updates. Ensure all necessary .NET runtimes for programs are installed in the control panel. This allows programs to run smoothly.Regularly update your computer system to improve performance. Maintain a clean computer system, optimize performance, and disable unnecessary startup applications to keep your computer running efficiently.
Fix a Slow computer To Do List:
Users to update their .NET runtime to version 8 (and version 9 by end of 2024) using ninite.com.
Users to clean out their temp folder by running %temp% in Windows Run and deleting the contents to help speed up the computer.
Users to disable unnecessary startup apps in Task Manager to improve computer startup speed.
Details:
Downloading and Installing Runtimes for better Performance
Download and install these runtimes using the .NET Microsoft download and the Ninite.com website. Make sure to download the correct versions, specifically 64-bit and 86-bit. Use a screen reader to navigate the download process if needed. Check if the runtimes are correctly installed in programs and features. Update to version 9 by the end of December 2024.
Ninite.com will help speed up and fix a slow computer
Improving Computer Speed and Fix slow Computer Network
Improving computer speedand network connection involves cleaning the computer by removing temporary files and emptying the recycle bin. Regularly check for updates to keep the system running efficiently. Navigate to the temp folder and delete unnecessary files, handling files in use appropriately. Use windows key and type in updates to go to check for updates and do them several times a week. Keep your software updated also and the speed of your computer increases with every fix and adjustment. Here are other Tech Tricks to improve you computer and new commands for Google
FOR the Blind-VI, Transcribers, etc. learning to your needs
Professional development for teachers and other personnel is generally designed for the broader teaching community. However, teachers of the blind and visually impaired can request specialized instruction on these days. TechVision offers tailored learning experiences for teaching and learning with screen readers, braille displays, and other access technology. With TechVision, educators can acquire the specific skills needed to help their students learn and access education. This Professional Development for Teachers allows their students to be on the same level as their peers over time. It also helps teachers develop tech competencies for the year. Specialized professional development helps to guide and ensure that all students, regardless of their visual abilities, can compete on an equal footing with their sighted peers.
It’s that time of year when everyone signs up for professional hours. You can join the Regular Pack, but if you need something specific for teachers of the blind, TechVision offers specialized instruction. Learn how to teach students and develop your own skills, including transcriber skills. Professional Development for Teachers often includes learning how to deal with specialized educational needs. Contact TechVision Training to learn like our students who use screen readers.
Learn math, low vision tricks, and screen reader commands. Learn all things Google, braille embossers, and Tiger software. Master JAWS or NVDA commands, browser skills, and voice profiles. We teach everything, from box and whiskers in Excel or Google to formatting APA and MLA papers in Google Docs or Word. Learn PowerPoint or Google Slides, making them accessible and visually appealing. We offer professional development throughout the year, including one-on-one or group sessions. This ensures that during big professional development days, you are already well-prepared for exactly what you need to learn. TechVision provides another avenue to learn the skills necessary to teach your students effectively with Professional Development for Teachers. Let us know if we can help: TechVisiontraining@yourtechvision.com. In the meantime, improve the speed of your computer.
Professional hours list and you add what you need
Professional Development Opportunities for Teachers and More
Optimizing Windows 11 Efficiency for Screen Reader with Key Settings and Configurations takes an hour most often 2 or so to complete. Longer if you are new to screen reader and how Windows 11 works. It is different than other OS systems so give yourself grace as you learn all there is to know about this system. As you move through your keyboard and discover you would like a particular key somewhere, like the applications key, you can remap a key to create that yourself. AND, you MUST have Local Admin on School Computers.
How to setup Computer for Optimizing Windows 11 Efficiency
Change Taskbar Settings
Update Computer every day
Go to task manager and disable anything you do not need at start up
Go to Power Options and change from Sleep to Shut Down when you press Shut down button
take off sleep options in general unless you are advanced user
Keep in mind that your screen reader cannot reset or the RAM clear if you computer is in sleep mode or hibernate mode
Turn off Touch pad- if you do not your palm will touch the mouse pad and auto activate items or move your cursor on your computer. This equals huge frustration to a screen reader user.
Windows T and clear that taskbar–this is million dollar real-estate to access programs fast
Setup WORD
Go to control panel and setup Sound card options
Windows and adjust other sound options using sndvol.exe
Setup Gmail and Drive and learn new commands
Setup Outlook
Taskbar setting for Windows 11 setup
Efficiency for Screen Readers and other Setup Skills
Proper Set up Windows 11 to work with screen readers and braille displays is crucial for visually impaired users. This configuration ensures smooth interaction with the system, giving users full access to information and applications such as Gmail for optimizing access..
1. Accessibility and Independence
Configuring Windows 11 for screen readers like JAWS, NVDA, or Narrator, and integrating braille displays, provides full independence. Without proper setup, tasks such as reading documents, browsing, or using software become challenging. A well-configured system ensures all functions are accessible.
2. Productivity and Efficiency
Screen readers and braille displays let users interact quickly with the system. Setting up Windows 11 for compatibility speeds up responses to commands. It also ensures smoother transitions between applications, making multitasking more efficient. Proper configuration prevents lag or software conflicts, which increases productivity in school and work settings.
3. Customization for Personalized Needs
Each user has different needs. Windows 11 allows users to customize screen reader settings (e.g., speech rate, verbosity, and key commands) and braille displays (e.g., output type and formatting). These adjustments create a personalized experience, improving comfort and reducing frustration.
4. Enhanced Braille Support
Windows 11 offers enhanced braille support when paired with leading screen readers. Proper setup lets users access seamless braille input and output for text and math. It also allows advanced navigation of documents. Correct braille display configuration ensures accurate reading and editing of both simple text and more complex content.
5. Compatibility with Updates
As Windows 11 updates, keeping screen readers and braille displays integrated is essential. A well-maintained setup ensures new features or security updates don’t disrupt accessibility tools. This is vital for maintaining ongoing access such as the new Google Commands for navigation.
Key Setup Steps for Optimizing Windows 11 for Accessibility:
Ensure Compatibility: Install the latest versions of screen readers and braille display drivers compatible with Windows 11.
Enable and Configure Narrator: Windows 11 includes Narrator, which can be set up for basic tasks if needed.
Customize Keyboard Shortcuts: Set up shortcuts for easier navigation and quicker interaction.
Adjust Accessibility Settings: Go to “Accessibility” in the Settings app to adjust visual and audio cues like contrast and text size.
Test with Braille Displays: Pair and calibrate braille displays for reading and input in UEB or Nemeth, depending on preferences.
With proper set up, Windows 11 for screen readers and braille displays furthers accessibility. This setup enhances independence, productivity, and ease of use in the digital world.
To optimize your Gmail experience with JAWS, it’s important to first set up keyboard shortcuts in Gmail’s settings. This initial step ensures that you can navigate and perform actions quickly using JAWS. If you notice your computer is not working well, then we highly suggest optimizing it for Windows with screen readers. Here is a parent setting it up with a trainer if you would like more direction.
Start by opening Gmail in your web browser. Once inside, press the letter “G” followed by “S” to go directly to the settings. Next, use the “Tab” key to navigate through the settings menu until you reach the “See all settings” option. Press “Enter” to access the full settings menu.
In the settings menu, continue pressing “Tab” until you reach the “Keyboard shortcuts” section. Here, you’ll find an option to turn on keyboard shortcuts. Press the spacebar to enable this feature. Enabling keyboard shortcuts is crucial as it allows you to execute commands more efficiently, which is particularly beneficial when using JAWS.
After turning on keyboard shortcuts, press “Tab” to navigate to the “Save Changes” button and press “Enter.” This action ensures that your settings are saved, and keyboard shortcuts are now active in Gmail.
With keyboard shortcuts enabled, you can now easily compose, send, and manage emails using JAWS. For example, press “C” to open the compose window, where you can start drafting an email. Use the “Tab” key to move between the “To,” “Subject,” and “Body” fields, and use JAWS commands to review your text as you type.
Finally, once your email is ready, press “Tab” to reach the “Send” button and press “Enter.” JAWS will confirm that your email has been sent. With keyboard shortcuts active, you can also quickly navigate through your inbox, search for emails, and perform other tasks, making your Gmail experience much more efficient.
In conclusion for most crucial item, is setting up keyboard shortcuts in Gmail which is the first essential step to using JAWS effectively. This setup ensures that you can send emails quickly and navigate Gmail seamlessly, enhancing productivity for blind and low vision users. For addition information see TechVision YouTube channel. While you advance your tech, include your Braille reading speed skills.
To emboss graphs and insert them into math work, start by using the Desmos graphing calculator. Desmos offers an intuitive platform for creating precise graphs, making it ideal for educational settings. Begin by plotting the necessary mathematical functions or data points on Desmos. The calculator’s user-friendly interface allows for easy manipulation and customization of graphs, ensuring they meet your exact needs.
After creating the graph, export it as an image. Desmos provides options to download the graph in various formats, such as PNG. Once downloaded, you can insert this image into your math document. Whether you’re using Microsoft Word, Google Docs, or another word processor, simply embed the graph as an image. This step integrates the visual data directly into your math work, making it more comprehensive for both teachers and students.
Next, prepare the document for embossing. If you’re working with visually impaired students, use software like Braille Blaster to convert the document into Braille. While the text content will convert directly, the graph requires special handling. This is where embossing comes in. By using an embosser, you can transform the visual graph into a tactile format that students can feel and understand.
Furthermore, this workflow ensures that math assignments are accessible to all students, regardless of visual ability. Teachers can also annotate the graphs before embossing, adding labels or descriptions to enhance understanding. This process not only aids in teaching but also reinforces the student’s learning experience.
The combination of Desmos for graph creation and embossing for tactile output makes for a powerful educational tool. It bridges the gap between visual and tactile learning, providing an inclusive approach to math education. By following these steps, educators can effectively integrate graphs into math work, ensuring that all students have the tools they need to succeed.
The Power of a Braille Hebrew Bible and Technology
Batya Sperling-Milner, a blind 12-year-old, spent months meticulously preparing for her Orthodox Bat Mitzvah ceremony. Unlike her peers, she faced significant challenges, for her Bat Mitzvah singing from a Braille Hebrew Bible, particularly with learning the musical notes for her Torah portion. Traditionally, visually impaired individuals memorize the notes through recordings or verbal instructions. However, this method proved especially difficult and inefficient for Batya.
A Computer Genius
Last year, a computer genius who is related to Batya, disturbed by the absence of lack of braille musical notes, developed a prototype overnight. for her to sing at her Bat Mitzvah using her Braille Hebrew Bible After a few days of refinement, Batya was able to use these notes on her electronic braille reader. This innovation allowed her to read each note alongside the corresponding letter, dramatically improving her ability to learn. Without this tool, Batya believes mastering her portion would have been nearly impossible.
Batya Singing from the Torah at Her Bat Mitzvah Using a Braille Hebrew Bible
Batya’s mother also played a crucial role in ensuring Batya could perform her Bat Mitzvah like any sighted person using her Braille Hebrew Bible. Overcoming challenges, including the requirement to see and read from the Torah, she presented a 33-page paper and an extensive executive summary to the leaders of their Washington DC synagogue, proving Batya’s capability. This accomplishment gave Batya immense pride, knowing she fulfilled the congregation’s obligation. She has always been a top Braille Reader.
Batya’s accomplishment culminated in her using the Braille Hebrew Bible during her Bat Mitzvah, where she sang and read from the Torah. This experience was deeply meaningful to her. The Braille Hebrew Bible provided her with the tools she needed to fulfill the congregation’s obligation. Ultimately, this milestone brought Batya immense pride, knowing she had successfully navigated her challenges. The combination of her determination, training, her mother’s support, and the Braille Hebrew Bible allowed Batya to fully participate in her Bat Mitzvah, a ceremony that marked a significant and empowering moment in her life.
Lucas, a blind individual, demonstrates JAWS Commands using AI Descriptions and how to effectively use ChatGPT with DALL-E to generate and describe images. Starting with ChatGPT, Lucas opens the platform, which places him directly in the edit box. To navigate out, he presses the “up arrow” key. He then maximizes the screen with “Windows + up arrow,” enhancing readability for JAWS.
Next, Lucas demonstrates how to locate the DALL-E AI Description image generator by accessing the links list using Jaws Commands with “Caps Lock + F7.” He navigates to the search box using the “E” key and types “DALL-E” in all capitals, with the period included. After pressing “Enter,” he tabs through the search results until he finds the relevant link, then presses “Enter” again to open it.
Once inside the image generator, Lucas describes the process of inputting a prompt. He emphasizes the importance of being specific, including details about the setting, characters, and art style. For instance, he generates an image of a wizard casting a spell on a cliff-side in a realistic art style. By pressing “Enter,” the image generation process begins, typically producing two images by default. He demonstrates how to make the inaccessible-accessible.
To download an image, Lucas uses “Shift + B” to find the “Show Image” button, followed by pressing “Enter” and then down arrow to the “Download Image” button. He encounters a warning about the dialog not being focused, while the download proceeds. Remember to Email your beautiful creations to someone also.
For image descriptions, Lucas follows a similar process to find the “Image Description Assistant” link. After inputting his request and attaching the image file, he waits for the description to generate. To review the description, Lucas uses “Shift + G” to jump to the top of the graphic, then down arrows to read it. This methodical approach allows Lucas to create detailed images and receive comprehensive descriptions efficiently.
AI has transformed how screen reader users access their world, MathKicker.AI is a powerful MATH app that allows top level Math work. Do not let Low Vision issues or legal blindness stop you from accelerating in school.
Seventeen-year-old Olympic paraclimber Raveena Alli, a rising senior at Atlanta Girls’ School, is making waves in the world of paraclimbing. Born in India and blind since birth, Raveena has not let her visual impairment hinder her passion for climbing. She began climbing in second grade and has since become an elite para-athlete, representing Team USA. Raveena’s dedication and skill have already earned her numerous accolades, including a third-place finish at the 2022 Paraclimbing World Cup. This Olympic blind paraclimbing student is reaching new heights.
In the picture, Raveena Alli is seen scaling a high rock wall with determination. She wears a focused expression as she ascends, a small speaker in her ears. The speaker allows her to listen to her coach’s guidance, providing real-time feedback on her next moves. The scene captures both the physical and mental challenges she faces as a blind paraclimber, showcasing her remarkable ability to navigate the climb with her coach’s support, even without sight.
Olympic Blind Student Para-climbing
This year, Raveena is competing in the Para-climbing World Championships in Bern, Switzerland, a significant milestone in her climbing career. The competition, held from August 1-12, brings together top athletes from around the globe, all vying for the prestigious title. Raveena’s journey to the championships is a testament to her resilience and determination. She hopes to inspire others, particularly her blind peers, to pursue their dreams and recognize their unique abilities.
Raveena’s ambitions extend beyond climbing; she also aspires to enter the legal field, focusing on human rights law. With a shortlist of colleges that includes Emory, UGA, and Georgetown, Raveena is preparing for a future where she can make a significant impact both in sports and in her professional life.
Her story is not just about personal achievement but also about breaking barriers and challenging perceptions. Supported by her family, particularly her mother, who is her biggest cheerleader, Raveena continues to climb to new heights, both literally and figuratively. Her participation in the World Championships is just one step in her ongoing journey of empowerment and advocacy for people of all abilities (WSB-TV Channel 2 – Atlanta,USA Climbing).
At the Employment Summit, Gena Harper delivered an insightful presentation on making oneself indispensable in the workplace. She emphasized the importance of adaptability in an ever-changing job market. Harper explained that employees must continuously develop new skills to remain valuable. She encouraged attendees to identify gaps in their current knowledge and seek training opportunities to fill them.
Highlights-Be open and Honest about Who you are
Harper also highlighted the power of proactive communication. By regularly updating supervisors on progress and challenges, employees demonstrate their commitment to the organization’s goals. This proactive approach builds trust and positions employees as reliable problem solvers. Even if you are physically limited, you can still do it.
Another key point was the value of networking within the company. Harper advised forming strong connections with colleagues across departments. These relationships not only enhance teamwork but also increase visibility within the organization. When employees are well-connected, they are more likely to be considered for new opportunities.
More Strategies for Becoming Indispensable at Work
Harper stressed the importance of understanding the company’s vision and aligning personal goals with it. By showing that your work directly contributes to the organization’s success, you reinforce your indispensable role. She recommended that employees regularly review their contributions to ensure they align with the company’s objectives.
In addition, Harper discussed the significance of a positive attitude. She noted that a can-do attitude and a willingness to take on new challenges make employees stand out. Positive employees often inspire their peers, creating a more productive work environment. Dive in and learn.
In conclusion, Gena Harper provided valuable strategies for becoming indispensable at work. By focusing on continuous learning, proactive communication, strong networking, goal alignment, and maintaining a positive attitude, employees can secure their place as vital members of their organizations. These practices not only enhance individual careers but also contribute to the overall success of the company.
Using Venn diagrams with screen readers involves strategic design and specific keyboard commands to ensure accessibility. Each set in the diagram must have clear, descriptive labels to guide screen reader users effectively. These labels help users understand the content without needing visual cues. Alt text plays a crucial role by summarizing the Venn diagram’s purpose, the sets involved, and their intersections. This concise description enables screen reader users to grasp the diagram’s structure and intent.
Keyboard navigation is essential for screen reader users to interact with Venn diagrams. The Tab key allows users to move through interactive elements like text boxes or linked descriptions associated with the diagram. Arrow keys are useful for navigating within tables or text boxes that describe the diagram’s content. This functionality ensures that users can access all relevant information without relying on visual input.
Screen reader software, like JAWS or NVDA, includes commands that facilitate navigation. In JAWS, the Ctrl+H command lets users jump between headings, making it easier to navigate through complex content. NVDA users can use the Ctrl+Alt+Arrow keys to move between headings or landmarks within a webpage or document. These commands are vital for quickly accessing different parts of the content related to the Venn diagram.
Incorporating structured content enhances the usability of Venn diagrams for screen reader users. Headings, bullet points, and numbered lists help break down complex information into manageable sections. This structure allows users to follow the logical flow of information without confusion. So, Screen reader users can also navigate through tables that complement the Venn diagram. Tables list elements within each set and describe intersections, making the relationships between sets clear. JAWS users can move horizontally between cells using Ctrl+Alt+Right/Left Arrow keys, and vertically with Ctrl+Alt+Up/Down Arrow keys.
Careful Planning
Creating accessible Venn diagrams for screen reader users requires careful planning. By using descriptive text, alt text, structured content, and keyboard commands, educators and content creators can ensure that all users, including those who rely on screen readers, can effectively interact with and understand Venn diagrams. These strategies are essential for making complex visual information accessible to everyone. More Video Lessons here
Create your Venn Diagram via WORD and shapes, applications key to move to back or forward then use these commands to access: Venn Diagram-Accessible
Ctrl Shift O to all objects, escape when done writing, select object then tab through all objects to access A, B and other combo letters. Once open in Google, Alt f to file and d to download as Word doc. Then F12 for save as and Ctrl Shift O will work correctly. This will NOT work in Google.
When done, have student emboss off a copy to feel what it is like and if you are having computer issues, tweak it to work better with screen reader.
Dr. Robinson demonstrates how to set up a Spanish language profile in JAWS for a perfect JAWS Spanish language setup. This focuses on accessibility for Spanish-speaking students or students learning a 2nd language. She begins by explaining the differences in braille capitalization across regions. In European countries, dot six is used for capitals, while the U.S. and other areas use dots four and six. The braille display must output the text correctly in Word to ensure accurate reading.
Dr. Robinson guides users through the JAWS settings and starts with inserting a language profile. She uses specific keyboard commands, such as “Insert 6,” to access the JAWS settings center. She emphasizes the importance of setting the default language to Spanish (Spain International). This ensures that the braille output is in Spanish Grade 1. After adjusting the settings, she double-checks everything in Word to confirm that the changes have held.
Next, Dr. Robinson explains how to switch between languages. She advises setting up multiple language profiles. This allows quick toggling between them using commands like “Ctrl+Shift+Windows+L” or specific braille display commands. She ensures that the students can easily switch between English and Spanish, making their work seamless and efficient. See all JAWS Spanish language Setups and other lessons here.
Throughout the setup, Dr. Robinson highlights the importance of using commands to add necessary braille dots for accurate translation. Adding dot eight ensures the correct representation of certain letters and punctuation marks. She demonstrates how to practice symbols and contractions on the braille display, ensuring students are comfortable with the layout.
Dr. Robinson mentions that a practice sheet with all the necessary symbols and contractions are available on website. The website, yourtechvision.com, offers this resource to help students reinforce their learning. This resource helps students reinforce their learning and practice braille accurately. With this setup, students can work efficiently in Word using JAWS. They will perform tasks just like their peers with the help of a Focus 40 braille display. Then progress to using this in Google Classroom
To use MathType and LaTeX with screen readers like JAWS or NVDA, you can easily create and render math formulas directly in Word or Google Docs. Here’s how to get started with MathType in both platforms and some important points for using LaTeX commands.
MathType in Word:
Download MathType: First, download and install MathType as an add-on for Word. This will allow you to use LaTeX commands within your Word documents.
Using Alt = for Equations:
In Word, pressing Alt + = will activate the equation editor, allowing you to type math formulas using LaTeX-like syntax without needing the dollar signs ($).
For example, to render c2=a2+b2c^2 = a^2 + b^2c2=a2+b2, you would type c^2=a^2+b^2 after pressing Alt + =.
Similarly, you can use Alt + = to write other formulas such as Aπ2A\pi^2Aπ2 (A\pi^2) or y=x+1x−1y = \frac{x+1}{x-1}y=x−1x+1 (y=\frac{x+1}{x-1}).
Limits of Alt = in Word: Some complex LaTeX functions, like angles or fourth roots, may not work with Alt + = in Word. For example:
Cannot do: ∠x≅∠y\angle x \cong \angle y∠x≅∠y or 164=2\sqrt[4]{16} = 2416=2.
These types of formulas will require MathType directly or a different approach.
Examples That Work with Alt =: You can successfully use Alt + = for the following examples:
y=x−2y = \sqrt{x-2}y=x−2
A3A_3A3 for subscripts
(r2)(r^2)(r2)
Nested fractions like 122\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}221
Visual Rendering after you press enter in WORD for MathType with screen readers-LaTex
Latex is typed out and this is the visual rendering of the LaTex from Mathtype
MathType in Google Docs-though can give challenges based on technology:
Add MathType Add-on: In Google Docs, go to Add-ons and download MathType. This will allow you to use LaTeX commands by rendering them in the document.
Rendering LaTeX: After adding MathType, press Alt + N to access the add-on, then choose LaTeX. From there, start typing your equations and press enter to render them. Examples:
2+33−y\frac{2+3}{3-y}3−y2+3
c2=a2+b2c^2 = a^2 + b^2c2=a2+b2
y=x+1x−1y = \frac{x+1}{x-1}y=x−1x+1
y=x−2y = \sqrt{x-2}y=x−2
Complex Equations: More complex LaTeX functions, such as 164=2\sqrt[4]{16} = 2416=2 and LATEXISFUN\mathcal{LATEX IS FUN}LATEXISFUN, can also be rendered in Google Docs using MathType.
Visual rendering of math after translation of LaTex in Docs using mathtype addon
By using Alt + = in Word and MathType in Google Docs (but be aware there may be issues in Docs), you can seamlessly render a variety of math formulas and equations with ease. Screen readers like JAWS and NVDA will effectively read these equations, enhancing accessibility for blind and visually impaired students.
MathType(LaTex) Alt = in WORD will render formulas to Math see below
Navigating IXL with a screen reader like JAWS allows blind students to access educational content easily. Using specific keyboard commands enables quick access to various elements on the page. For example, pressing H moves between headings, helping students locate sections in lessons or practice activities. When working on subtraction exercises in Focus 40 IXL, pressing B navigates to buttons like “Submit” or “Check Answer,” allowing students to interact with controls smoothly.
Another helpful command is Insert + F7, which opens a list of links on the page. This makes moving between sections, such as practice questions and feedback, more efficient. Students can also use F to quickly jump to answer boxes or search fields. To read questions or instructions, pressing Insert + Up Arrow reads the current line, while Ctrl + Down Arrow skips ahead to the next section when working on Focus 40 IXL subtraction.
JAWS Navigation Commands
By using these commands, students navigate IXL independently, completing exercises and reviewing answers efficiently. The screen reader provides real-time feedback, guiding students as they interact with IXL’s educational content related to subtraction problems. This empowers students to fully engage in their learning experience.
Essential IXL keyboard commands for navigating with JAWS:
Navigate headings: Press H to jump between headings, allowing you to quickly move through sections of the page during subtraction practice.
Navigate links: Use Insert + F7 to bring up a list of all links, and then use the arrow keys to select the desired one.
Move to next button: Press B to navigate through buttons on the screen, such as “Submit” or “Check Answer” while working on subtraction in Focus 40 IXL.
Move to form fields: Use F to jump between input fields, such as answer boxes or search fields.
Navigate by list: Press L to move through lists of questions or answer choices, ensuring efficient navigation during subtraction lessons.
Read the current line: Press Insert + Up Arrow to read the current line, useful for verifying questions or feedback.
Repeat the last spoken phrase: Use Insert + 5 on the numpad to repeat the last spoken message.
Skip to the next section: Press Ctrl + Down Arrow to quickly skip paragraphs and reach the next section of text, which can be especially useful in Focus 40 IXL subtraction lessons.
Focus Display Commands
Navigating IXL subtraction math using the Focus 40 Braille Display and JAWS enhances accessibility for blind students. By combining keyboard commands and tactile feedback, students can efficiently work through subtraction problems. Solving subtraction on a display is also easier than just audio feedback. Pressing H on the keyboard or using the Router Keys on the Focus 40 allows them to jump between headings, locating sections like instructions or problem sets quickly.
Taylin using Focus 40 Display with 1 finger on left hand and 2 knuckles on right hand
For Focus 40 IXL subtraction problems, students can use E for edit or the Cursor Routing Buttons to jump directly to the answer input fields. As they enter their responses, the Braille display provides real-time feedback, ensuring accuracy. Pressing Insert + Up Arrow or using the Braille Display’s Line Reading feature reads the current subtraction problem, helping students verify their work. To check answers or move to the next problem, they can press B to navigate to buttons like “Submit,” or use the Panning Buttons to scroll through the page.
Focus 40 Braille Display with JAWS
The Focus 40 Braille Display, paired with JAWS, offers students the tactile and auditory support they need to complete all math problems independently in IXL. This combination enhances their confidence and accuracy in solving subtraction problems.
It’s important for blind students to use sound transitions in PowerPoint because it helps them follow their presentations without needing to see the slides. Creating PPT sound transitions is essential as the sound cues let them know when a slide changes, making it easier to stay organized and understand the flow of the presentation. This not only builds their confidence in using technology but also helps make their presentations more accessible to everyone, whether they are blind or sighted.
Here are the keyboard commands to add sound transitions in PowerPoint:
Select the Slide:
Use the arrow keys to navigate to the slide you want to add a sound transition to.
Open Transitions Tab:
Press ALT + K to open the Transitions tab.
Choose a Transition:
Use the arrow keys to select a transition effect from the gallery.
Add Sound to Transition:
Press ALT + K, then U to open the Sound drop-down menu.
Use the arrow keys to select a built-in sound or press O to choose your own sound file.
Preview the Transition:
Press ALT + K, then V to preview the transition with the sound.
Apply to All Slides (if needed):
Press ALT + K, then A to apply the transition and sound to all slides.
Formatting an APA format paper writing style using keyboard commands is an efficient way to create a properly structured document without relying on a mouse. By using shortcuts within programs like Microsoft Word, you can quickly adjust key elements such as margins, fonts, line spacing, and indentation. This guide outlines the essential steps, including setting up the title page, organizing headings, and formatting the references page. By mastering these keyboard commands, you can streamline the process of formatting your APA paper and ensure it meets academic standards.
To format an APA paper using keyboard commands, you can use several standard shortcuts within word processors like Microsoft Word. Follow these tips to make APA format paper writing easier:
1. Setup the Document in APA format paper writing style
Margins: The default margins in Word are typically 1 inch, but you can check by pressing Alt + P, then M, and selecting “Normal”.
Font and Size: Use Ctrl + D to open the Font dialog box. Set the font to Times New Roman and the size to 12. Both settings are essential in APA format paper writing.
Line Spacing: To set double spacing, press Ctrl + 2.
Indentation: For the first line of each paragraph, press Ctrl + T to create a hanging indent. To undo this and create a regular first-line indent, press Ctrl + Shift + T and then Tab to indent the first line.
APA format of paper
2. Title Page
Running Head: Press Alt + N to go to the “Insert” tab, then H for “Header”, and Ctrl + R to right-align the text. Type “Running head: YOUR TITLE” (in caps) on the first page. On other pages, just type the title without “Running head”.
Title: Press Ctrl + E to center the title. Capitalize each major word in the title.
Author and Institution: Press Ctrl + E again to center your name and institution. Press Enter between lines. Proper formatting of this section is crucial for APA format paper writing.
3. Main Body
Heading Levels:
Level 1: Centered, bold. Use Ctrl + E to center and Ctrl + B to bold.
Level 2: Left-aligned, bold. Use Ctrl + L to left-align and Ctrl + B to bold.
Level 3: Left-aligned, bold, and italicized. Use Ctrl + L, Ctrl + B, and Ctrl + I.
Level 4: Indented, bold, ending with a period. Use Ctrl + T for hanging indent, Ctrl + B, and type your text.
Level 5: Indented, italicized, ending with a period. Use Ctrl + T, Ctrl + I, and type your text.
4. References Page
Hanging Indent: Select the references text and press Ctrl + T to apply a hanging indent, following APA format paper conventions.
Title: Center the title “References” using Ctrl + E.
5. Page Numbers
Insert page numbers by pressing Alt + N, then N, and selecting “Page Number”. Place the number in the top right by pressing Ctrl + R.
This approach covers the essential formatting elements for an APA paper using keyboard shortcuts. Let me know if you need specific details on any step for better APA format paper writing! Find MLA Word Format here.
Regularly updating your computer is crucial for keeping it secure, efficient, and running smoothly. It’s important to apply the latest computer update to take advantage of these benefits. Software updates provide important improvements, such as enhanced security, better performance, and bug fixes. These updates also ensure that your computer stays compatible with the latest software and hardware, while offering new features to improve your user experience. Keeping your system up to date is a simple yet effective way to protect your device and ensure it operates at its best.
Regularly updating your computer as new updates are released is essential for several reasons:
Reasons to Apply Latest Computer Update
Regularly updating your computer is crucial for several reasons, starting with security. Updates often fix vulnerabilities that hackers could exploit. By keeping your system updated, you protect it from viruses, malware, and cyberattacks.
Computer updates in Settings
Secondly, updates improve performance by making your computer faster and more efficient. They address bugs and glitches that can slow down your system.
Next, applying the latest updates introduce new features or improve existing tools, enhancing both your user experience and productivity.
As software evolves, updates also ensure compatibility with the latest programs, hardware, and devices.
Finally, many updates focus on fixing bugs and stability issues, helping your computer run smoothly and preventing crashes.
By consistently updating, you keep your computer secure, fast, and fully functional, avoiding many common problems.
Picture of braille display, keyboard and iPhone for who we are and what we do
Our Mission
TechVision’s mission and purpose is to empower blind and visually impaired students through personalized, real‑time instruction in assistive technology, braille, STEM, and essential academic skills. Led by Dr. Denise M. Robinson, our specialists teach the tools and strategies students need to access information, build independence, and compete equally with their sighted peers.
What We Do
TechVision provides 1:1 remote instruction for learners of all ages. Our team teaches and offers:
What others use only through access methods such as but not limited to:
AI‑supported learning strategies: This direct, individualized approach transforms how blind and low‑vision students learn, work, access and navigate the world, staying true to our mission and purpose.
Screen readers
Braille displays
Computers and mobile devices
Word processing and productivity tools such as embossing
All academic classes and especially: Math, STEM, Nemeth, and all literacy
We provide rapid transcription services with quick digital turnaround, often within one hour when needed, and teach students how to independently emboss their own work.
We team with a certified Orientation & Mobility (O&M) specialist -Kevin Hollinger of Blindnesspro.com who travels on-site to deliver intensive instruction in safe, independent travel. Training includes school navigation, community routes, and real-world mobility skills to support full independence.
Why Our Work Matters
TechVision also trains school personnel: including transcribers, Teachers of the Blind, Teachers and support staff, to ensure students receive consistent, accessible materials. We partner with districts, families, and private organizations to create inclusive environments where blind and visually impaired individuals can thrive, fulfilling our mission and purpose.
Mission and Purpose Designed for Every Learner
We teach learners of all ages. Every student receives customized instruction based on their goals, strengths, and needs. Whether developing early childhood skills, mastering advanced mathematics, learning to use a braille display, preparing for college and employment, or adapting to vision loss later in life, our instruction meets each learner exactly where they are. Many of our students go on to pursue STEM fields, including Applied Mathematics at top universities.
The TechVision YouTube channel, created by Dr. Denise M. Robinson and her Team, offers hundreds of free, accessible video lessons. These lessons focus on empowering individuals who are blind or visually impaired through technology education. The channel covers a wide range of topics, making it useful for students, educators, and parents.
Each video provides hands-on, step-by-step tutorials for using assistive technology. Viewers can learn to use screen readers, magnification tools, and braille displays. The lessons also include detailed instructions on using programs like Microsoft Office and Google applications. This practical approach helps users apply technology to real-world tasks.
See What Is Possible with 21st Century Assistive Technology Instruction
These short clips show how quickly students build independence and speed through advanced assistive technology training delivered by instructors who use these tools daily in real-world application.
The most modern way as of 2024 to adapt work for blind or low vision students is using programs like MathKicker.ai, WORD Immersive Reader and Google Docs, follow these steps to ensure full accessibility for both English, Math and other content:
Use MathKicker.ai for Math Content:
Upload or paste math equations into MathKicker.ai. This tool converts complex math problems into formats accessible for screen readers like JAWS or NVDA.
Once converted, paste the accessible math text into Google Docs or other word processing platforms for students to use with their screen readers.
Convert Images to Descriptive Text in Google Docs:
When images contain important information, use Google Docs’ built-in alt text feature. Right-click the image, select “Alt text,” and enter a detailed description of the image, focusing on its relevance to the content.
For math-specific images (e.g., graphs, equations), describe the visual elements and provide the corresponding math in text form or, if needed, through MathKicker.ai to ensure clarity for students using auditory or Braille output.
How to Adapt Work and Why
3. Leverage Google Docs Collaboration Features:
Share Google Docs with students, allowing them to access the document using their preferred screen reader.
Enable real-time collaboration by ensuring that students can work in the document with peers or teachers, making the experience inclusive.
4. Use Heading and Structure Tools:
Make sure to structure documents with proper headings and styles in Google Docs to aid screen readers in navigating the document efficiently.
By combining MathKicker.ai for math accessibility and using Google Docs to convert visual content into descriptive text, blind or low vision students can access both English and math content effectively.
There are many ways to adapt work for inclusion. Inaccessible work creates barriers—choose the right tools, because together we achieve more than apart.
Regarding Children Who Are Blind or Have Low Vision
Technology, Independence, and the Right to Compete
Access Technology Training lessons: Student creating a Google sheets line graph with screen reader and Braille Display
To Every School Administrator, Teacher, and Parent Who has a Child With Vision Loss:
This is not a suggestion. This is a plea – born from nearly 40 years of professional experience in the field of blindness, visual impairment and access technology, and from the realities of a competitive world that will not slow down and will not make exceptions – that you act now, while there is still time to give your child or student every possible advantage.
Children who are blind or have low vision are just as intelligent, capable, and ambitious as any sighted child. What they deserve – what they are owed – is the proper set of tools to demonstrate that capability at full speed. Right now, in too many classrooms and homes across this country, those tools are absent, delayed, or introduced far too late. That must change.
The Foundation: A Windows PC — The World’s Standard Platform
Windows-based PCs represent approximately 72% of all personal computers in use worldwide. This is not a preference – it is the dominant reality of the workplace, the university, the government agency, and the business world your child will enter. Teaching a blind or low vision child on any other primary platform is preparing them for a world that does not exist at scale.
Windows is also open and extensible. Unlike closed ecosystems, a Windows PC can be configured, customized, and expanded with virtually any assistive technology available – screen readers, braille drivers, magnification software, speech input – without restriction. It is the most future-proof environment for a child whose assistive needs may evolve over time. One critical requirement, however: the person who teaches your child must be actively using all components of the system themselves every single day, navigating exclusively by screen reader and braille display. You cannot teach what you do not live.
Every blind or low vision child should be learning on a Windows PC. Period. At the earliest age possible.
The Tools That Open the World: Screen Readers
A screen reader converts on-screen text and navigation into speech or braille output, allowing a blind user to operate a computer fully and independently. There are three primary options, each with a distinct role – and a serious student needs fluency in all three.
JAWS (Job Access With Speech)
JAWS is the gold standard in professional and educational environments. It offers the deepest compatibility with Microsoft Office, enterprise software, and web-based platforms. For any student planning to enter the professional workforce, JAWS fluency is a career asset. It is the screen reader most commonly encountered in workplaces that have made accessibility accommodations.
NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access)
NVDA is free, open-source, and exceptionally powerful. It is fully supported, actively developed, and used by millions of blind individuals worldwide. For families and schools with budget constraints, NVDA removes every financial barrier to professional-grade access. Students who master NVDA are fluent in a tool used in homes, libraries, and workplaces globally.
Microsoft Narrator
Narrator is built directly into Windows and requires no installation. While not as feature-rich as JAWS or NVDA for complex tasks, it is a valuable tool for early introduction, emergency access, and environments where installing additional software is not immediately possible. Every Windows user – blind or not – has access to Narrator the moment they power on their device and complete setup.
iPhone with Siri and VoiceOver
No conversation about screen readers is complete without addressing the iPhone. Apple’s VoiceOver, built directly into every iPhone, is one of the most powerful tools available to combine the perfect team of PC with iPhone. It is the device you carry with you every hour of every day. Siri adds hands-free voice control outside class but inside class ability to send a quick SOS to their tech instructor for help keeps them moving. One command on the braille display connected to the computer goes right to the iPhone in their pocket, enables the student to send and SOS tech issue so a remote tech instructor can jump on to solve their issue so they can keep moving in class ASAP.
In the real world, blind professionals use a Windows PC at their desk and an iPhone in their pocket. Teaching both, from early on, prepares a student for exactly that reality.
Braille Displays: The Essential Partner to the Screen Reader
A refreshable braille display connects to a PC and presents on-screen text as braille cells that the user reads with their fingertips to teach spelling, paragraph layout and everything the sighted student does with print. This is not optional equipment for a serious student – it is essential. Reading braille is to literacy what reading print is to a sighted child. Without it, a blind student depends entirely on audio output, which is slower for review, comprehension, proofreading, and deep reading tasks. Beyond speed, a braille display teaches spelling, formatting, punctuation, and document structure in ways that audio alone simply cannot.
Recommended Displays
Focus 40 Blue (Freedom Scientific) — The preferred professional-grade display. Forty braille cells, excellent build quality, seamless integration with JAWS, and trusted in educational and workplace settings worldwide. The 40-cell width allows students to read longer passages without constant panning, dramatically improving reading speed and comprehension.
Brailliant BI 40X (HumanWare) — An outstanding alternative with strong multi-device connectivity and a comfortable key layout. Compatible with all major screen readers and well-suited for students who work across multiple devices throughout the school day.
A 40-cell display – not a smaller 14- or 20-cell model – is strongly recommended for students. The larger cell count significantly reduces the scrolling required and more closely mirrors the experience of reading a full line of text, building the natural reading rhythm that leads to true fluency. For students pursuing STEM fields, an 80-cell display is worth the investment.
The Hard Truth That No One Wants to Say Out Loud
A blind or low vision child, without proper tools, cannot complete academic work at the same speed as a sighted child with 20/20 vision. This is not a failure of the child. It is biology and failure of an educational system. It is the reality of navigating a world designed for sighted people without the technology that closes that gap.
Schools often respond to this reality by granting extended time – double time, time and a half, reduced assignments – on work and exams. And while this accommodation is legally appropriate, it comes with a hidden cost that is rarely spoken aloud: less work assigned means less information learned, and reduced exposure to content creates knowledge gaps that compound over time. The job that child will one day compete for will not reduce its requirements to match. We must look further down the road with clear Vision:
Extended time does not exist in a job interview.
Extended time does not exist when competing against other applicants for a position.
Extended time does not exist when a deadline arrives, a client is waiting, or a team needs output.
You learn less in school — and the job will demand more.
Close the Gap Before It Closes Their Future
Life is competitive. It has always been competitive. The kindest, most loving thing we can do for a child who is blind or has low vision is to prepare them to compete – not just to participate, but to compete effectively, efficiently, and with confidence, from kindergarten through career.
The only way to close the speed gap is technology mastered early with braille. A student who has used a screen reader and braille display fluently since early elementary school does not look like a student with a disability when they move through school or enter the workforce. They look like someone who is fast, precise, and capable, because they are.
Additional Reasons This Cannot Wait
1. Independence Is Dignity
A child who relies on a sighted person to read their screen or paper work, describe their assignments, write down their answers, or help navigate their computer is not independent – and they know it. That awareness is not abstract. It settles into them quietly and deeply: the knowledge that someone else is doing for them what they cannot yet do for themselves. It becomes embarrassment. Then frustration. Then, for far too many children, it becomes depression.
This is one of the most significant and least discussed emotional consequences of inadequate assistive technology instruction. These children are not failing because they lack intelligence or effort. They are failing because they have not been given their tools and they are old enough to understand the difference. Worse they watch their classmates work independently. They watch themselves need help. And over time, that gap between what they can do and what they are expected to do without support begins to define how they see themselves.
Independence Is the Antidote
Technology taught by a highly skilled instructor who uses these access tools daily eliminates this dependency. A child who can navigate their own screen, read their own assignments, and submit their own work has done something that no grade or test score can fully capture: they have proven to themselves and others that they can do it. That proof is the foundation of self-worth, confidence, and the unshakeable belief that one can manage one’s own life on one’s own terms.
Independence is not merely practical. It is the antidote to the depression that follows when a child has been taught, unintentionally, that they cannot.
2. Early Learning Equals Deep Fluency
A child who learns a screen reader at age four or five develops the same automatic, effortless relationship with that tool that a sighted child develops with reading text on a page and writing with a pencil. A teenager introduced to a screen reader for the first time is fighting an uphill cognitive battle, learning the tool at the same time they are trying to use it to complete schoolwork. Early adoption eliminates this double burden entirely.
3. Academic Access Across All Subjects
A properly configured PC with a screen reader opens every subject: reading, writing, math (with accessible tools like MathML and Nemeth braille, UEB Braille), science, coding, history, art research, everything. Without it, a blind student’s access to the full curriculum depends entirely on the availability of a human aide or specially prepared materials. Technology removes that bottleneck and gives the student direct, independent access to the same content as every other child in the room.
4. The Job Market Rewards Technology Fluency
Employers, by and large, do not know what screen readers are. They will not know to provide accommodations they have never heard of and in that gap of understanding, a qualified candidate can lose a job simply because the employer cannot picture how the work would get done.
A candidate who arrives already proficient changes that entire dynamic. They sit down at a Windows PC, they are productive immediately, and at the right moment they say with confidence: “I want you to know, I am blind, and this is exactly how I do this job.” Then they show it. With speed and efficiency. With no hesitation. That demonstration does more to overcome an employer’s uncertainty than any disclosure form or accommodation request ever could.
This person competes. The person who has never been properly trained walks into that same room hoping for understanding they may not receive. The difference between those two outcomes is not intelligence. It is preparation.
5. Post-Secondary Education Expectations
Colleges and universities have disability services offices, but those offices cannot replace skill. A student who arrives at university without strong assistive technology fluency will spend precious early semesters struggling to catch up on tools rather than engaging with coursework or they will not catch up at all, and fail. Too often, the alternative is that a parent steps in to do the work for them, which is exactly what regularly occurs when students arrive unprepared. Students who arrive already expert in their technology can advocate for themselves effectively, focus entirely on their education, and move forward alongside their peers.
6. Mental Health and Self-Efficacy
The psychological toll of constantly needing help of always being the student who requires special arrangements, who cannot do what everyone else is doing is real and cumulative. Technology-empowered students report significantly higher confidence, academic engagement, and willingness to attempt challenging tasks. Giving a blind or low vision child their tools is giving them their identity as a capable person.
On the Question of Learning Braille: Who, When, and Why
Braille literacy is one of the strongest predictors of academic success and employment for blind individuals. The research on this is not subtle, it is decisive. But the question of who should learn braille is not always straightforward, and it must be considered carefully in the context of each child’s specific diagnosis.
Children Who Are Fully Blind
There is no question. Braille instruction should begin immediately, ideally by age three, and no later than the beginning of formal schooling. Braille is their print. Delaying braille for a blind child is the equivalent of delaying reading instruction for a sighted child. Every year of delay compounds into a literacy deficit that becomes harder to close.
Children With Low Vision
This requires careful evaluation in partnership with the child’s ophthalmologist and prognosis. Three key questions must guide the decision:
Is the condition stable or progressive? If progressive, the answer is clear: begin braille instruction immediately, regardless of how much vision the child currently has.
Can the child read print efficiently at a rate and comfort level that matches a child with 20/20 vision? If not, print alone is not sufficient and braille must be part of the plan.
Is the child’s functional vision expected to remain sufficient throughout their lifetime? If there is any reasonable doubt, begin braille now. It is far easier to have a skill and not need it than to need a skill and not have it.
When Braille Starts Late
What if the child is older and braille instruction is only beginning now? Research is unambiguous on this point: students who begin braille instruction after 6th grade rarely achieve functional reading fluency. The tactile sensitivity, finger dexterity, and automatic cell recognition that true braille literacy requires develop in early childhood. That window is largely closed by the time a child enters middle school, and full literary braille instruction after that point becomes, in most cases, an exercise in frustration for both the student and the instructor.
For the older student who is past that window, the goal must shift to functional braille, what they will actually use in daily life: device navigation, labels, signage, reference points, and targeted reading tasks. Trying to force full literary braille on a resistant older student creates a battle you will not win. You will spend more time fighting than teaching. Focus on usefulness. Motivation follows. And in every case, a PC with a screen reader and braille display becomes the central key to that student’s success going forward.
If the Condition Is Progressive: Braille Is Not Optional
If a child has a progressive eye condition – retinitis pigmentosa, Stargardt disease, glaucoma, or any diagnosis with a trajectory toward increasing vision loss – braille instruction must begin immediately, regardless of how much usable vision the child currently has. Here is why:
Braille is most easily and deeply learned when taught young, when the brain’s neuroplasticity is at its peak, just as with learning any other language. The earlier the exposure, the deeper the fluency.
A child who waits until their vision has deteriorated significantly is learning braille at the same time they are grieving a loss: an emotionally devastating combination that slows learning or stops it entirely.
A teenager or adult who must learn braille after vision loss faces a steep, stressful acquisition curve that can take years to develop into functional fluency.
A child who learns braille at age three or four and uses it throughout their education will be functionally fluent by the time their vision deteriorates, ready, not scrambling.
Teaching braille to a child who still has usable vision is not pessimism. It is planning. It is love with foresight.
The Crisis That Arrives in Middle School
Every summer, TechVision receives calls about blind and low-vision students who are beginning to fall behind significantly. In most cases, blind children have no technology at all, and low-vision students lack both technology and braille instruction. By middle school, the academic demands increase sharply, the volume of reading and writing grows, and students are expected to manage far more digital work on their own, and they cannot.
For students with progressive low-vision diagnoses, middle school is often the point where remaining vision no longer allows them to complete work efficiently, even with low-vision tools. At that point, they are not only trying to keep up academically. They are also trying to learn braille, screen-reader skills, braille-display use, keyboarding, file management, accessible math, and online platform navigation, all at the same time. The academic and the remedial collide, and the student is caught in the middle.
That is why early instruction matters. Waiting until a student begins failing creates an avoidable crisis. Teaching braille and technology before the crisis gives the student time to build fluency, confidence, and independence.
The Timeline: What the Research and Experience Tell Us
Age 3: The ideal starting point. Children at this age learn through play and exploration and absorb braille as naturally as sighted children absorb picture books and letters (include a cane here also). Tactile literacy can begin before formal reading instruction in other areas. Introduce them to a PC with a screen reader and braille display through play. By age four, begin teaching touch typing. Done consistently, a child is ready to begin kindergarten already equipped.
Kindergarten through 2nd grade: Still an excellent window. With intensive, consistent instruction, a child can achieve strong foundational literacy by early elementary school.
3rd through 5th grade: Still achievable but increasingly challenging. By this stage, the child is already behind in braille literacy relative to academic demands. Intensive TVI/Tech support is essential and must begin immediately. Think summer time instruction-always.
Middle school and beyond: Braille can and should still be taught, but the window for achieving deep, automatic fluency is narrowing. Every year of delay past 5th grade represents a harder road. Shift the focus to functional braille and technology mastery.
When a school district first receives a blind or low vision student at any age: Instruction in assistive technology and braille (where indicated) must begin on day one: not after evaluation periods, not after IEP meetings have stretched across months or years. The clock is running from the moment that child walks through the door. Day one.
What We Are Asking You to Do
For School Districts:
Ensure every blind or low vision student has immediate access to a Windows PC configured with both NVDA and JAWS, connected to a 40-cell refreshable braille display and paired with a highly skilled instructor who uses these tools daily.
Hire TVIs and assistive technology instructors who are genuine daily users of the technology they teach. A degree or certification alone does not qualify someone to teach JAWS, NVDA, or a braille display. Technology fluency is not academic knowledge, it is muscle memory. It is the ability to troubleshoot in real time, demonstrate at speed, and anticipate where a student will struggle because you have been there yourself. A Teacher of the Blind and Visually Impaired (TVI) who does not use this technology every single day cannot teach it well, regardless of what their diploma says.
Coordinate braille and technology instruction as one integrated program, not two separate tracks. When these skills are taught together on the same device, they reinforce each other and the student learns faster. If a TVI is a strong braille teacher but does not have deep technology expertise, the right answer is to pair them with a qualified assistive technology instructor who does. Integration from one highly skilled person is the ideal; a strong partnership between specialists is the practical alternative. One person doing both poorly serves no one.
Begin NOW
Begin braille instruction for eligible students immediately upon enrollment, not pending further evaluation, not after the next IEP meeting, not once the “right” TVI is located. Interim solutions are acceptable. Delay is not.
Embed assistive technology instruction into the student’s daily academic life as the primary mode of access, not as a pull-out supplement. Remote instruction is a powerful and underutilized tool: a qualified technology instructor can be present in the classroom via headset and screen share, guiding the student in real time without disrupting the class, while the student remains fully included with their peers. When pulling a student out is unavoidable, choose the one hour of the school day that causes the least disruption to their social and academic integration. These students are already navigating more than their sighted peers. Do not add social isolation to that burden.
Measure student progress in assistive technology fluency with the same rigor applied to reading, math, and every other subject. The student completes all work on the PC. They email completed assignments to the teacher. The teacher places feedback directly in the document using Word comments and emails it back. This is not a workaround, this is the workflow. It is clean, professional, and mirrors exactly how the working world operates. It holds the student to the same standard of output and accountability as every other person in the room.
For Parents:
Do not wait for the school to take the lead. Advocate immediately and loudly for your child’s right to assistive technology and braille instruction.
If your child has a progressive eye condition, contact a TVI and assistive technology specialist today about beginning braille instruction, regardless of your child’s current functional vision level.
Set up a Windows PC at home with NVDA (free to download) and have your child use it for reading, homework, and exploration every single day.
Connect with the National Federation of the Blind, the American Foundation for the Blind, and your state’s Blind and Low Vision Services for resources, advocacy support, and community.
Believe, fiercely and without apology, that your child can compete. Then make sure they have the tools to prove it.
The Future Is Waiting. Start Today.
The child who is three years old today and begins braille and assistive technology instruction this year will walk into their first job interview at age twenty-two as a fully equipped, confident, and capable professional. The child who waits may walk in hoping for accommodations they may not receive, competing at a speed they were never trained to reach.
The tools exist. The research is clear. The need is urgent. All that is required is the will to act: now, not later, not after one more evaluation, not after the next IEP cycle. Now.
Every blind and low vision child deserves to compete. Give them the tools to do it.